A period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in England due to raw materials

Policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the nation's economy.

a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.

Industrial revolution's bad working conditions & low wages for immigrants.

Term given for the rapid invasion of Africa by the various European powers. This began imperialism in Africa.

Meeting of the leading statesmen of the European Great powers and the Ottoman Empire. Wanted to divide up colonial land. Didn't include the Africans and Asians who lived in the colonies.

American statement that the government did not want colonies in China, but favored free trade there

This was a major war between the French and the Germans that brought about the unification of Germany. independent German states to unify with Prussia (which they did, thus creating Germany) against France.

tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States caused be the desire of the Soviet's to spread communism and the United States desire to contain communism to where it already existed

Vietnam and Korean wars; large military spending; huge creation of weaponry; nuclear weapons; the fall of the Soviet Union and the freedom to the 15 separate nations that had composed the Soviet Union

US theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control.

an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than the government

A political system in which, in theory, ownership of all land and productive facilities is in the hands of the people, and all goods are equally shared. The production and distribution of goods are controlled by an authoritarian government.

shot to death by a Bosnian Serb nationalist during an official visit to the Bosnian capital of Sarajevo. The killings sparked a chain of events that led to the outbreak of World War I due to the Alliance system.

Chancellor of Prussia, using his "blood and Iron plan" led Prussia to victory against Austria and France and was responsible for the creation of the German Empire

United Germnay with Bismark, was the Kaiser of Germany at the time of the First World War, aggressive foreign policy of colonies and a strong navy to compete with Britain.

people were left homeless and without food. In fear they turned to extreme politics both on the right and left.

1989 - Beginning of the fall of communism and the Soviet Union - symbolized the failure of communism and massive socialism

(1893-1976) Leader of the Communist Party in China that overthrew Jiang Jieshi and the Nationalists. Established China as the People's Republic of China and ruled from 1949 until 1976.

General and leader of Nationalist China after 1925. he became a military dictator whose major goal was to crush the communist movement led by Mao Zedong.

(1904-1905) War between Russia and Japan over imperial possessions. Japan emerges victorious and takes parts of Manchuria under its control.

the U. S. government sent aid to strengthen Chinese resistance and Roosevelt cut off oil shipments to Japan.

Some peoples wanted to get their independence from empires (like the Slavs from Austria-Hungary leading to the assassination of Franz Ferdinand), while others wanted to prove their country was the best by beating the others

people who believe their nation is superior to all others usually due to shared ethnicity. - led to annexation of Austria-Hungary and appeasement of Germany, Japan invading Manchuria and Italy annexing Ethiopia.

Competition between nationalist nations to have over-seas colonies- quest for colonial empire

Ottoman Empire before WWI, Central Powers member but had began to lose its military & economic power

Ottoman empire was divided among Britain, France, Greece and Russia after WWI

When imperial authorities pushed industrialization by hiring thousands of foreign experts to instruct Japanese workers and managers in the techniques of modern industry, the need for natural resources increases so they took Manchuria

in response to both foreign and domestic internal tensions. Western powers like the US and the nations of Europe had come to wield significant commercial, political, and religious influence across China.

China was greatly weakened and controlled to an even greater extent by the western imperial powers.

Defeat in Russo-Japanese War 1905, landless peasants, military defeats/casualties in WWI.

Communists (Bolsheviks) control Russia, Lenin is in charge, Romanovs are dead, Russia withdrew from WWI

1)Assassination of Franz Ferdinand, 2)imperialism, 3)nationalism, 4)Alliance System, 5)militarism

Great Depression; emergence of the Nazi party; Treaty of Versailles; War Guilt Clause; Reparations; German Disarmament/demilitarized; Territorial losses from Germany; Hitler's Actions: built up military, made alliances, expansionist; Failure of Appeasement; Invasion of Poland; Failure of the League of Nations; Emergence of Fascism

Creation of the United Nations, formation of East and West Germany, Cold War

Treaty that ended WW I. It blamed Germany for WW I and handed down harsh punishment.

-The League of Nations was created; Germany's army was reduced; Germany had to accept "war guilt" and pay Created anger in Germany and tensions between countries in Europe.

Effect of imperialism