Which of the following best defines an algorithm?

A step-by-step set of instructions used to solve a problem or complete a task

A piece of hardware used to run video games

Which of the following is the best real-life example of an algorithm?

Following a recipe to bake a cake

Guessing the answer to a math problem

Listening to a song on the radio

Looking at a completed painting

What is the correct algorithmic order for making a basic sandwich?

Get bread -> add filling -> put bread on top -> eat

Eat -> get bread -> add filling

Put bread on top -> eat -> get bread

Add filling -> get bread -> eat

How would you use decomposition to organize an end-of-year class party?

Break the planning into smaller tasks like buying snacks making a playlist and sending invites

Cancel the party because it is too much work

Do everything at once on the day of the party

What does abstraction mean in Computer Science?

Hiding or ignoring unnecessary details to focus on the most important parts of a problem

Recognizing similarities between different problems

Breaking a problem into smaller parts to share with a team

Adding as much detail as possible so the computer doesn't get confused

If you are writing an algorithm to navigate to the cafeteria which detail should be abstracted (ignored) to make it efficient?

The color of the lockers you pass along the way

The number of doors you need to go through

The hallways you need to walk down

Which pattern would help a spam filter identify a dangerous email?

The sender address looks like random letters and it asks for urgent payment

The email uses your correct first and last name

The email contains a newsletter you subscribed to

The email is from your teacher's school address

Which of these is a key feature of a successful game?

Clear goals and responsive controls

When planning an arcade game in Makecode what should you design first?

The layout of the level the main character (sprite) and the scoring system

How much the game will cost in stores

The code for the final boss before anything else

The color of the computer monitor

How could a Makecode game support the UN Sustainable Development Goal 'Life Below Water'?

By designing a game where the player navigates a submarine to collect plastic waste from the ocean

By creating a game about building a factory

By having the player catch as many fish as possible to empty the ocean

By making a racing game with cars on a track

Which scenario best shows an algorithm being used in daily life?

Following a step-by-step tutorial to build a redstone door in a video game

Taking a random walk around the neighborhood

Guessing what the weather will be like tomorrow

If you are creating an automated booking system for school support sessions what is the first algorithmic step?

Identify the inputs such as student name and available times

Choose the colors for the website

Ask students how the session went

Write the entire code immediately without planning

When programming a Python script to draw a map poster of a town what is the best example of abstraction?

Only drawing the main roads and coastline while ignoring individual houses

Using a random number generator for street names

Including every single rock and pebble on the street

Why is abstraction helpful when writing an algorithm to solve a real-life problem?

It reduces complexity by focusing only on the essential information needed to solve it

It makes the problem more complicated

It prevents the algorithm from working

It ensures every tiny detail is programmed

How does decomposition help a computer scientist build a complex program like a new secure digital exam app?

By breaking the app down into smaller manageable modules like a login screen timer and question display

By deleting the hard parts of the code

By combining all the code into one giant file so it is harder to read

By hiring more people to type faster

Besides stealing passwords what is a major danger of clicking a suspicious link in a spam email?

It could secretly install adware spyware or ransomware on your device

It gives you free premium video games

It will automatically upgrade your internet connection speed

It might speed up your computer processor

In a sandbox game where players build block structures what feature is most important for player creativity?

Freedom to interact with the environment and combine resources

A strict time limit for every single action you take

Having no graphics or sound at all

A single linear path that cannot be changed

If you are designing a Makecode arcade game to support the UN Sustainable Development Goal 'Quality Education' what could the gameplay involve?

A character solving math and logic puzzles to unlock new school supplies

A racing game with no educational theme

A game about cutting down forests

A character throwing trash in the ocean

When using a block coding platform like Makecode what is the benefit of planning your game mechanics before coding?

It helps you identify which variables and loops you will need before you start dragging blocks

It makes the computer hardware run faster

It means you will never have to test the game for bugs later

Year 7 - Term 2 Retrieval Practice Quiz

Memory Adventure: From Learning to Forgetting Imagine Alex is preparing for a school science fair. Storing Memories (2.5) Alex studies a science experiment. The semantic memory (facts and knowledge, like “water boils at 100°C”) is stored in the brain, while episodic memory (personal experiences, like “I mixed vinegar and baking soda yesterday”) records the event. The hippocampus (the brain’s “save button”) helps transfer these memories into long-term memory. During sleep, memory consolidation (making memories stable and long-lasting) happens, and Alex vividly remembers the fun surprise when the mixture fizzes—a flashbulb memory (emotionally strong, vivid memory). Alex also learns the skill of carefully pouring liquids, a procedural memory stored in the basal ganglia, and how to react when the mixture splashes, a conditioned response stored in the cerebellum. Emotions make the memory even stronger, thanks to the amygdala. Retrieving Memories (2.6) The next day, Alex goes to the science fair. Seeing the experiment table triggers priming (unconscious memory activation—seeing the table makes Alex remember steps). Being in the same classroom helps context-dependent memory (better recall in the same place as learning). Alex is also in the same excited mood as while practicing, so mood-congruent memory helps remember details of the experiment. When listing the steps, Alex remembers the first step clearly and the last step best, thanks to the serial position effect. Using strategies like quizzing himself earlier (testing effect) and spacing study sessions (spacing effect) improves retrieval. Forgetting & Memory Errors (2.7) During the fair, Alex tries to remember an old trick learned last year, but some details are fuzzy. This is retroactive interference (new memories block old ones). At the same time, old steps from last year sometimes confuse him, an example of proactive interference (old memories block new info). Alex’s friend jokingly says he added glitter to the experiment last week. Alex later misremembers seeing glitter—this is the misinformation effect. He even forgets where he first learned the correct steps, a case of source amnesia, and feels a strange sense of déjà vu when looking at a similar experiment table. Unfortunately, Alex’s cousin has anterograde amnesia (cannot form new memories) and can only remember things from before last year, while his neighbor has retrograde amnesia (loses past memories) and cannot recall last week’s fair prep. Luckily, Alex’s strong study habits, sleep, and emotional engagement helped protect his memories from being forgotten too quickly.

Year 7 Term 2 Assessment

Year 7 Recap Term 2

week 2 year 7 term 1

Of the 7 billion people on Earth roughly 0:02 6 billion own a cell phone which is 0:05 pretty shocking given that only 4 and2 0:07 billion have access to a working toilet 0:09 so how are these popular gadgets 0:11 changing your body and brain If you're 0:13 looking down at your phone right now 0:15 your spine angle is equivalent to that 0:17 of an 8-year-old child sitting on your 0:19 neck which is fairly significant 0:21 considering people spend an average of 0:23 4.7 hours a day looking at their phone 0:26 this combined with the length of time 0:28 spent in front of computers has led to 0:30 an increase in the prevalence of myopia 0:32 or nearsightedness in North America in 0:34 the 1970s about one quar of the 0:36 population had myopia where today nearly 0:39 half do and in some parts of Asia 80 to 0:41 90% of the population is now nearsighted 0:44 and it can be hard to put your phone 0:46 down take for example the game Candy 0:48 Crush as you play the game you achieve 0:50 small goals causing your brain to be 0:52 rewarded with little bursts of dopamine 0:54 and eventually you're rewarded in the 0:56 game with new content this novelty also 0:58 gives little bursts of dopamine and 1:00 together create what is known as a 1:01 compulsion Loop which just happens to be 1:04 the same Loop responsible for the 1:05 behaviors associated with nicotine or 1:07 cocaine our brains are hardwired to make 1:10 us novelty seeking and this is why apps 1:12 on our phones are designed to constantly 1:14 provide us with new content making them 1:16 hard to put down as a result 93% of 1:19 young people aged 18 to 29 report using 1:21 their smartphone as a tool to avoid 1:23 boredom as opposed to other activities 1:26 like reading a book or engaging with 1:27 people around them this has created a 1:29 new term nomophobia the fear or anxiety 1:32 of being without your phone we also see 1:35 a change in brain patterns Alpha rhythms 1:37 are commonly associated with wakeful 1:39 relaxation like when your mind wanders 1:41 off whereas gamma waves are associated 1:44 with conscious attentiveness and 1:46 experiments have shown that when a cell 1:47 phone is transmitting say during a phone 1:49 call the power of these Alpha Waves is 1:52 significantly boosted meaning phone 1:54 Transmissions can literally change the 1:56 way your brain functions your smartphone 1:58 can also disrupt your sleep the screen 2:00 emits a blue light which has been shown 2:02 to alter our circadian rhythms 2:03 diminishing the time spent in deep Sleep 2:06 which is linked to the development of 2:07 diabetes cancer and obesity Studies have 2:10 shown that people who read on their 2:11 smartphone at night have a harder time 2:13 falling asleep and produce less 2:15 melatonin a hormone responsible for the 2:17 regulation of sleep wake Cycles Harvard 2:20 medical school advises the last 2 to 3 2:22 hours before bed be technology free so 2:24 pick up a book before bed instead of 2:26 course smartphones also completely 2:28 change our ability to access information 2:30 most notably in poor and minority 2:32 populations 7% of Americans are entirely 2:35 dependent on smartphones for their 2:37 access to the internet a 2014 study 2:40 found that the majority of smartphone 2:41 owners use their phone for online 2:43 banking to look up medical information 2:45 and searching for jobs so while phones 2:47 are in no way exclusively bad and have 2:50 been part of a positive change in the 2:51 world there's no denying that they are 2:53 changing us but many successful people 2:56 have now decided to take smartphone 2:58 vacations in order to increase 3:00 productivity in our new ASAP thought 3:01 video we break down the top six reasons 3:04 you should take a smartphone vacation 3:06 and how it could benefit your life right 3:08 now and subscribe for more weekly 3:09 science videos

Animal Rights and Diet Success Criteria I can explain key terms which describe the type of diets people have I can explain the advantages and disadvantages of different types of diet Animal Rights and Diet Match up the terms with the meaning Term Meaning Omnivore - eats fish but no other type of meat Vegetarian - eats most types of meat and vegetables Pescetarian - doesn’t eat any products that come from animals Vegan - doesn’t eat meat but will eat dairy products like milk Place the different diets on a spectrum All meat No animal products at all Vegetarian Vegan Omnivore Pescetarian Omnivore Omnivore Most people in the UK are omnivores Match the countries with the amount of meat eaten per person per year Country Meat per person per year India 9.9 kg USA 4.4 kg Bangladesh 120 kg UK 111.5kg Nepal 84.2 kg Australia 4 kg Numeracy How much meat is consumed in the UK per year? (Amount of meat eaten X the UK population) 2. How much meat is consumed in Bangladesh per year? (Amount of meat eaten X the Bangladesh population) Country Meat per person per year USA 120 kg Australia 111.5kg UK 84.2 kg Nepal 9.9 kg India 4.4 kg Bangladesh 4 kg UK – 64 million Bangladesh – 165 million http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/maps-and-graphics/world-according-to-meat-consumption/ 7 Why do people eat meat? Discuss Tradition (their family has always done it) Culture (celebrations) Taste Convenience Nutrients such as B12, protein and iron Consumption of meat is rising across developing countries because higher incomes generally mean more meat eating. Pescetarian "Yeah, I'm a vegetarian." "But that looks like fish you're eating." "Oh yeah, I eat fish.“ An estimated 5% - 6% of people in the UK are pescetarians. How many people is this? Approx. 3.6 million Calculation – 66,000,000 /100 x 5.5 = 3,630,000 9 Which group is cuter? Animals Fish 10 People often don’t feel as much love for fish as they do for fluffy, cute mammals. The may think fish don’t feel pain. They may be fussy. They think fish isn’t meat. Not farmed as much as mammals; can be wild. To get nutrients they wouldn’t get from just vegetables and grains. (Omega 3 is in plants but in higher concentrations in oily fish) Why are people pescetarians? https://www.vegsoc.org/sslpage.aspx?pid=753 http://articles.mercola.com/omega-3.aspx Fish – In a perfect world, fish can provide you all the omega-3s you need. Unfortunately, the vast majority of the fish supply is now heavily tainted with industrial toxins and pollutants, such as heavy metals which include mercury, lead, arsenic, and cadmium, PCBs, and radioactive poisons. These toxins make eating fish no longer recommended. 11 Vegetarianism Vegetarians will not eat any meat or product that comes from the slaughter of animals e.g. gelatine. About 3% of the UK population are vegetarian. How many people is this? 1.9 million 12 Why are people vegetarian? They don’t like the idea that animals are killed so they can eat Health reasons Don’t like meat Brought up vegetarian Environmental reasons Religious reasons (e.g. some Buddhist, Hindus) Watch the following clip twice. The second time, write down the fact which surprises you the most. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VW6wfpHFdaI The World Health Organization has classified processed meats – including ham, salami, sausages and hot dogs – as a Group 1 carcinogen (same as smoking/alcohol) which means that there is strong evidence that processed meats cause cancer. Red meat, such as beef, lamb and pork has been classified as a 'probable' cause of cancer. 13 Veganism Not just a diet Around 1% of the population of UK are vegans. A vegan is described by the Vegan Society as “a philosophy and way of living which seeks to exclude—as far as is possible and practicable—all forms of exploitation of, and cruelty to, animals for food, clothing or any other purpose; and by extension, promotes the development and use of animal-free alternatives for the benefit of humans, animals and the environment. In dietary terms it denotes the practice of dispensing with all products derived wholly or partly from animals” Why are people vegan? Why are people vegan? James Aspey: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a22XxXP3nU8 Warning: some of the content in this video clip may upset some viewers from 7:14 – 8:11 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BtqXeym7H8A Why are people vegan? “Don’t want bad karma” Feel healthier Reduce chances of diseases. Example heart disease. Don’t want to exploit animals Believe in animal rights Sustainability Environment Create a Table of Pros & Cons of Veganism Pros √ Cons - Create a Table of Pros & Cons of Veganism Pros Cons No animals have died for you to eat Some people think it is healthier Help the environment Fewer antibiotics/chemicals that are given to some animals Makes you feel good No vitamin B12 so have to supplement Harder to find food at shops or restaurants May be harder to get enough iron May be more expensive to get substitute meats Judged by family and friends Could put farmers out of business Group Work Source 1 Summarise it in your jotter Explain what the source is/what it says What does it suggest? What is your opinion? Feedback to rest of class https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SYyjel5VuHg Farmer’s Poem

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