Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a principle followed by application layer protocols?

Accepted Answer

Handling of packet fragmentation

Answer

Defined rules for message exchange

Answer

Defined message syntax and semantics

Answer

Use of transport layer services

Question 2

In the client-server model, which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

Only the client initiates communication

Answer

The server always sends data first

Answer

Communication is symmetric

Answer

Both client and server initiate requests

Question 3

Which of the following applications is based on the P2P (peer-to-peer) architecture?

Accepted Answer

BitTorrent

Answer

Email

Answer

Web browsing

Answer

DNS

Question 4

Which transport protocol is used by HTTP, SMTP, and DNS (respectively)?

Accepted Answer

TCP, TCP, UDP/TCP

Answer

TCP, UDP, UDP

Answer

UDP, TCP, TCP

Answer

TCP, TCP, UDP

Question 5

In the context of web applications, what does “stateless” mean?

Accepted Answer

Each HTTP request is independent and unrelated to previous ones

Answer

The client maintains session data

Answer

The server remembers the client state between sessions

Answer

Both client and server share session data

Question 6

Which HTTP method is idempotent, meaning multiple identical requests have the same effect as one?

Accepted Answer

PUT

Answer

PATCH

Answer

CONNECT

Answer

POST

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a persistent HTTP connection?

Accepted Answer

Multiple HTTP requests/responses are sent over a single TCP connection

Answer

Each request requires a new TCP connection

Answer

It keeps data cached on the client

Answer

It is used only for POST requests

Question 8

Which of the following statements about cookies is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Cookies are used to maintain session state between stateless HTTP transactions

Answer

Cookies are part of the transport layer

Answer

Cookies are stored only on the server

Answer

Cookies encrypt all HTTP messages

Question 9

Which HTTP method is typically used to retrieve data from a server without side effects?

Accepted Answer

GET

Answer

PUT

Answer

POST

Answer

DELETE

Question 10

In HTTPS, which layer provides encryption and authentication?

Accepted Answer

Transport Layer (via TLS/SSL)

Answer

Network Layer

Answer

Session Layer

Answer

Application Layer

Question 11

In electronic mail, which of the following correctly maps protocols to their purpose?

Accepted Answer

SMTP – message sending, POP3 – message retrieval, IMAP – message access

Answer

SMTP – message retrieval, POP3 – message sending

Answer

IMAP – message sending, SMTP – message reading

Answer

POP3 – message forwarding, IMAP – message encryption

Question 12

Which port numbers are typically used by SMTP, POP3, and IMAP respectively?

Accepted Answer

25, 110, 143

Answer

80&#44; 443&#44; 21

Answer

21, 110, 25

Answer

8080, 25, 53

Question 13

Which of the following best differentiates IMAP from POP3?

Accepted Answer

IMAP allows multiple clients to access the same mailbox synchronously

Answer

POP3 uses TCP, IMAP uses UDP

Answer

IMAP downloads all emails permanently to the client

Answer

POP3 supports folder synchronization

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE about DNS hierarchy?

Accepted Answer

It is distributed and hierarchical

Answer

It uses HTTP for lookup

Answer

All records are stored in one global server

Answer

It is centralized

Question 15

The root DNS servers store:

Accepted Answer

IP addresses of top-level domain (TLD) servers

Answer

All domain name to IP mappings

Answer

Email routing tables

Answer

Only local DNS records

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