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13 questions
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- Q1Nuclear power plants, which produce electrical energy, use large quantities of water for cooling. Often, small fish, larvae, and fi sh eggs are sucked in along with the cooling water and destroyed. This example illustrates howdirect harvesting increases the natural fish populationremoval of these organisms has no effect on an ecosystemenergy is generated without producing wastesindustrialization can have positive and negative effects60s4.7
- Q2Acid rain is a major problem in the Adirondack Mountains. Evidence that acid rain negatively affected the Adirondack ecosystem is thatthere has been a decrease in the variety of fish found in Adirondack lakesthe number of heterotrophic organisms in Adirondack lakes has increasedthe amount of carbon dioxide in the air over the Adirondack Mountains has drastically decreased in recent yearsthis rain has increased the amount of water in Adirondack lakes60s4.7
- Q3An invasive species, the spiny water flea, was recently found in a New York lake. These water fleas eat zooplankton, a food also consumed by native fishes. The fleas spread from lake to lake by attaching to fishing lines, anchor ropes, and boats. Which statement best describes the effect of the water flea on the lake?It will not compete with animals in the local food chain.There will be no effect on native species in the lake.It will not compete with animals in the local food chain.The number of water fleas will decrease due to a lack of food.60s4.7
- Q460s4.7
- Q5Which statement best represents an outcome of federal standards that require increasing the energy efficiency of appliances, such as refrigerators?Increased efficiency of appliances requires greater use of our energy resources.Manufacturing more effi cient appliances will reduce the biodiversity of ecosystems.Newer appliances are manufactured from a greater number of fi nite resources.More technological improvements in appliances can help conserve fi nite resources.60s4.7
- Q6When deciding on new environmental policies and laws, which term is used to describe the comparison between benefi ts and costs of human activities?climate changetechnologyindustrializationtrade-off60s4.7
- Q7When humans place grass clippings and other yard waste in landfills, they are most directly interfering with the natural process ofrecycling energyrecycling organic compoundsthe production of organic compoundsthe production of energy60s4.7
- Q8Two new wind turbines have recently been built within the Eiffel Tower in Paris. The power that these turbines generate will be enough to power the entire fi rst floor of the tower, including the restaurants, shops, and exhibits. A benefit of using wind power as an alternative source of energy is that itis nonrenewable, so additional resources will be depleted by tower businessesdecreases the amount of fossil fuels available for future generationsis renewable, so it will decrease the environmental impact of the tower businessesincreases the use of resources that cannot be renewed in the future60s4.7
- Q9The fast food industry in the United States buys many russet potatoes from farmers. Therefore, most potato farmers grow russet potatoes. If farmers continue to plant the same crop in the same fi elds year after year without putting additives into the soil, the end result could belarger potatoes because they will adapt to the soilnew varieties of potatoes because they will reproduce sexuallygenetically engineered potatoes that are resistant to diseasesmaller yields in future years due to the loss of nutrients60s4.7
- Q10More than 100 years ago, Earth's atmosphere contained about 280 parts per million (ppm) of carbon dioxide. It is predicted that by the year 2050, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could reach 700 ppm, greatly increasing Earth's temperature. It has been suggested that growing more green plants would help to slow this increase. The best explanation for why increased numbers of plants would help is that plantsserve as a nonrenewable energy resourceremove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesisremove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during respirationserve as food for herbivores60s4.7
- Q11Which factor contributed least to the extinction of the passenger pigeon species?increased use of the passenger pigeons as a food source for humansimproved communication technology, which tracked the pigeon flockslaws that banned the hunting of passenger pigeons to sell in new marketsexpansion of the railroads, which opened up new markets for selling pigeons60s4.7
- Q12The extinction of the passenger pigeon illustrates thathumans are the only cause of species extinctionsthe benefi ts of technology always outweigh the ecological riskshuman activities can irreversibly affect ecosystemsit takes hundreds of years for a species extinction60s4.7
- Q13An accurate prediction that could be made regarding the information shown in the chart is thatfossil fuels emit the least amount of greenhouse gasesthe use of any one of the ethanol sources for fuel will each produce less greenhouse gases than the use of gasoline for fuelthe use of biomass-based fuels instead of fossil fuels will greatly increase the production of greenhouse gasesa total change from gasoline to ethanol as a fuel would have no effect on greenhouse gas emissions60s4.7
