Name the 5 basic tastes (small letters)

Taste recognition is mediated by specialized taste cells that communicate with several brain regions through direct connections to _____

Taste perception is a ____ step process

Organize the tasting process

If a bitter taste receptor is expressed on the surface of a “sweet cell,” a bitter molecule is perceived as tasting what?

Inability to taste PTC is a dominant trait that varies in the human population

What molecule with the acronym "PTC" was responsible for the discovery of taste differences?

Bitter-tasting compounds are recognized by _____ on the surface of taste cells

There are approximately ____ genes for different bitter taste receptors in mammals

What gene is responsible for the PTC taste receptor?

Sequencing identified ____ nucleotide positions that vary within the human population—each variable position is termed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP).

One specific combination of the three SNPs, termed a _____ correlates most strongly with tasting ability

Analogous changes in other cell-surface molecules do not influence the activity of drugs.

SNPs in serotonin transporter and receptor genes predict adverse responses to anti-depression drugs, including PROZAC® and Paxil®

What is the function of Chelex resin used to boil the DNA sample?

Why is the restriction enzyme HaeIII used?

One allele is cut by the enzyme, and one is not—producing a  _____ that can be separated on a 2% agarose gel

The class results show what?

Why was the saline mouth rinse centrifuged first?

Organize the steps of the experiment

Group the PCR step times accordingly

The restriction enzyme digestion was done at ____ and ____

pBR322/BstNI size markers were used as the ladder for the electrophoresis step

The gel ran at130 V for ~30 minutes. Adequate separation was achieved when cresol red dye front moved at least ____ from the wells.

Link the sequence to the tasting ability

Link the number of expected bands from the DIGESTED sample to the Taster type after electrophoresis

Homozygous genotype

Tt taster (heterozygous) shows three bands that represent both alleles. What bands are we expecting?

It is common to see a diffuse (fuzzy) band that runs just ahead of the 44-bp fragment. This is a _____, an artifact of the PCR reaction that results from the primers overlapping one another and amplifying themselves

The presence of primer dimer, in the absence of other bands, confirms that the reaction contained all components necessary for amplification.