Question 1

acre

Accepted Answer

an area measurement of land used in the United States; 43,560 square feet.

Question 2

agricultural drainage

Accepted Answer

human made system for moving excess water from land through open ditches and underground drain tiles or tubes.

Question 3

artificial erosion

Accepted Answer

erosion caused by people disturbing the natural cover on land.

Question 4

base lines

Accepted Answer

in land surveying, an east-west (horizontal) line.

Question 5

boundary

Accepted Answer

the limit or line of land.

Question 6

capillary water

Accepted Answer

the thin layers of water that coat soil particles.

Question 7

contour plowing

Accepted Answer

the practice of plowing around or across a slope rather than with the slope

Question 8

crop rotation

Accepted Answer

the practice of alternately planting different crops that use different soil nutrients on the same land.

Question 9

gravitational water

Accepted Answer

the water that fills cracks and air spaces between soil particles.

Question 10

hardpan

Accepted Answer

a layer of the B horizon, or subsoil, that is hard and compacted and restricts water percolation and plant root growth.

Question 11

horizon

Accepted Answer

a distinct layer of soil materials; one of the four layers of materials from the soil surface down several feet.

Question 12

humus

Accepted Answer

well-decomposed organic matter

Question 13

hygroscopic water

Accepted Answer

a thin layer of water that sticks to soil particles and does not move about.

Question 14

infiltration

Accepted Answer

the action of water soaking into the soil after precipitation or irrigation.

Question 15

internal drainage

Accepted Answer

the movement of water through the soil.

Question 16

irrigation-induced salinity

Accepted Answer

salt in the soil; saltiness from irrigation water.

Question 17

land capability classes

Accepted Answer

classification of agricultural land on the basis of its productive capability.

Question 18

land description

Accepted Answer

written statement of the boundaries of land and its location in relation to other land.

Question 19

land forming

Accepted Answer

group of activities in which the surface of the land is shaped so it is more productive.

Question 20

land surveying

Accepted Answer

process of measuring and marking real property (land).

Question 21

loam

Accepted Answer

soil that is nearly equal parts of sand, silt, and clay.

Question 22

loess

Accepted Answer

wind-blown parent material of soil.

Question 23

meridian

Accepted Answer

in surveying, a true north-south line.

Question 24

metes and bounds

Accepted Answer

system of describing land in which a known starting point is used to establish and indicate lines forming boundaries of property.

Question 25

mineral soil

Accepted Answer

soil high in mineral content; soil with 6 to 12 percent organic matter.

Question 26

minimum tillage

Accepted Answer

the cropping practice in which seed is planted with very little plowing.

Question 27

mulching

Accepted Answer

practice of covering the soil with a layer of protective material.

Question 28

organic soil

Accepted Answer

soil high in organic matter; soil with more than 20 percent organic matter.

Question 29

parent material

Accepted Answer

material from which soil develops.

Question 30

percolation

Accepted Answer

the downward pull of gravity on water after infiltration.

Question 31

rectangular survey system

Accepted Answer

method of describing land based on two fixed lines that are at right angles to each other.

Question 32

soil pH

Accepted Answer

way of expressing the acidity and alkalinity of soil.

Question 33

soil profile

Accepted Answer

vertical section of the soil at a particular place.

Question 34

soil salinity

Accepted Answer

amount of various salts in the soil.

Question 35

soil structure

Accepted Answer

arrangement of soil particles into shapes or pieces in undisturbed soil.

Question 36

soil texture

Accepted Answer

proportion of sand, silt, and clay in the soil.

Question 37

soil tilth

Accepted Answer

the physical condition of the soil.

Question 38

strip cropping

Accepted Answer

practice of planting crops in strips, which slows down the speed of the wind and rate of water runoff.

Question 39

terracing

Accepted Answer

practice of building earthen ridges or embankments that slow the rate of water runoff.

Question 40

water table

Accepted Answer

depth of the natural level of free water below the surface of the earth.

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