Which of the following is correct about isotopes of carbon?

All of the following are characteristics of water EXCEPT

Which of the following is an example of a hydrogen bond?

All of the following statements are correct about enzymes EXCEPT

Which of the following can be used to determine the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Which of the following is not normally found in a plant cel

Which of the following is present in a prokaryote cell?

Membranes are components of all of the following except a

An animal cell in a hypertonic solution would

Which one of the following would not normally diffuse through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane?

The cytoplasmic channels between plant cells are called

Which organelle contains DNA?

Which of the following is correct about signal transduction pathways?

Which of the following is correct about chemical signals that bind to receptors located on the cell membrane, rather than receptors in the cytoplasm?

Which of the following is correct about receptors that are located in the cytoplasm?

Which of the following most accurately describes the advantage of a signal transduction pathway?

Which of the following correctly describes the role of cyclic AMP?

The role of oxygen in aerobic respiration is

Most energy during cell respiration is harvested during

After strenuous exercise, a muscle cell would contain decreased amounts of __________ and increased amounts of __________.

Alternative forms of the same gene are called______

In addition to ATP, what is produced during glycolysis?

Which of the following probably evolved first?

During cell respiration, most ATP is formed as a direct result of the net movement of

Glycolysis is the first phase of aerobic cellular respiration. It is a complex, enzyme-controlled set of reactions in which glucose molecules are broken down into pyruvate in the absence of oxygen. Although it does not produce much ATP, glycolysis is important because pyruvate is the raw material for the next phase of cellular respiration, which will ultimately produce large amounts of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. One of the enzymes at the beginning of glycolysis is PFK, phosphofructokinase, an allosteric enzyme. When ATP binds to the allosteric site on PFK, the enzyme changes shape and no longer functions. Which of the following statements best explains the importance of the enzyme PFK in glycolysis?

Where in the cell is ATP-synthase located?

Which one of the following is NOT required for photosynthesis to occur?

Which is a factor that limits cell size?

In which stage of the life of a cell is the nucleolus always visible?

If a cell has 24 chromosomes at the beginning of meiosis, how many chromosomes will it have at the end of meiosis?

If a cell has 24 chromosomes, how many will it have at the end of mitosis?

All of the following are true of meiosis EXCEPT

In a plant cell, what is the midline of dividing cells that  becomes the cell wall eventually?

Most plants appear green because

Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called __________.

Homologous chromosomes separate during

Which is NOT a source of genetic variation?

Which is TRUE of the cell cycle?

Which is TRUE about a testcross?

A round watermelon is crossed with a long watermelon and all the offspring are oval. If two oval watermelons are crossed, what is the percent of watermelons that will be round?

A child is born with blood type O. All of the following could be the blood type of the parents EXCEPT

How many autosomes does the human male normally have?

A couple has 6 children, all girls. If the mother gives birth to a seventh child, what is the probability that the seventh child will be a girl?

Assume that two genes, A and B, are not linked. If the probability of allele A being in a gamete is ½ and the probability of allele B being in a gamete is ½, then the probability of BOTH A and B being in the same gamete is

In one strain of mice, fur color ranges from white to darkest brown with every shade of brown in between. This pattern of inheritance for fur color is most likely controlled by

Two traits, A and B, are linked, but they are usually not inherited together. The most likely reason is

A man who has a sex-linked allele will pass it on to ½ of his daughters

A new species of tulip was recently discovered. A population of pure red tulips was crossed with a population of pure blue tulips. The resulting F 1 generation was all purple. This result is an example of which of the following?

Two expecting parents wish to determine all possible blood types of their unborn child. If both parents have an AB blood type, which of the following blood types will their child NOT possess?

In pea plants, tall (T) is dominant over short (t) and green (G) is dominant over yellow (g). If a pea plant that is heterozygous for both traits is crossed with a plant that is recessive for both traits, approximately what percentage of the progeny plants will be tall and yellow?

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a group of autosomal recessive diseases characterized by blindness, loss of cognitive and motor function, and early death. One of the genes that is mutated in this disease is CLN3. When functional CLN3 protein is absent, neurons die because of increased storage material in the cells, presumably because the lysosomes aren’t working properly. What is a valid explanation as to why parents of children with this devastating disease can be completely normal?

A breeder of black Labrador puppies notices that in his line a gene predisposing his dogs for white spots has arisen. He believes the white spot allele is autosomal recessive, and he wants to prevent it from continuing in his dogs. He sees that one of his female dogs, Speckle, has white spots, and he therefore assumes she is homozygous for the gene. But he must determine which males in his pack are heterozygous to avoid breeding them in the future. What is a reasonable plan?

Which of the following is a reason why certain traits do not follow Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment?

Which of the following steps in a signaling pathway typically occurs first once a chemical messenger reaches a target cell?

An antigen can induce an immune response in a host organism. Antigens are targeted by antibodies that are produced by the organism’s immune system in response to contact with the antigen. Antibodies are specific to antigens. Many different cell types are involved in immune responses. Which of the following best describes the role of cell-to-cell communication during a response to an invasion of antigens?

In peas the trait for tall plants is dominant (T) and the trait for short plants is recessive (t). The trait for yellow seed color is dominant (Y) and the trait for green seed color is recessive (y). A cross between two plants results in 296 tall yellow plants and 104 tall green plants. Which of the following are most likely to be the genotypes of the parents?

An African violet grower observes that genetically identical African violet plants growing near the walls of the greenhouse have white flowers, that plants growing farther away from the walls have pale blue flowers, and that plants growing nearest the center of the greenhouse have dark blue flowers. Which of the following best explains the differences in flower color of the African violets in the greenhouse?

A genetic counselor is consulted by a young man who is worried about developing Huntington’s disease, an inherited disorder caused by a dominant allele of a single gene. The young man explains that his cousin was recently diagnosed with Huntington’s disease, and the news has caused him to consider his own risk of developing the disorder. Which of the following questions will best help the genetic counselor to evaluate the risk of the young man developing Huntington’s disease and transmitting it to his children?

A blue-flowered African violet of unknown ancestry self-pollinated and produced 50 seeds. These seeds germinate and grow into flowering plants. Of these plants, 36 produce blue flowers and 14 produce pink flowers. What is the best explanation for the pink-flowered offspring?