Plan to have a popularly elected House based on state population and a state-selected Senate, with two members for each state

The power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional

Government authority shared by national and local governments

Powers given to the national government alone

Powers given to the state government alone

Powers shared by the national and state governments

an alliance of factions

Constitutional authority is shared by three different branches of government.

A group with a distinct political interest

Those who favor a stronger national government

Those who favor a weaker national government

First 10 amendments to the Constitution

And order to produce an arrested person before a judge

A law that declares a person, without a trial, to be guilty of a crime

A law that makes an act criminal although the act was legal when it was committed

An executive's ability to block a particular provision in a bill passed by the legislature

the right to use power

political authority conferred by law or by a state or national constitution

a government in which all or most citizens participate directly

a government in which leaders make decisions by winning a competitive struggle for the popular vote

persons who possess a disproportionate share of some valued resource, like money or power

view that the government is dominated by capitalists

view that the government is dominated by a few top leaders, most of whom are outside of government

view that the government is dominated by appointed officials

the belief that competition among all affected interests shapes public policy

a policy in which one small group benefits and almost everybody pays

a policy in which almost everybody benefits and a small group pays

a policy in which one small group benefits and another small group pays

Activists in or out of government who pull together a political majority on behalf of unorganized interests

legislation that gives tangible benefits to constituents in several districts or states in the hope of winning their votes in return

Government authority shared by national and local governments

has permitted Congress to exercise powers not specifically given to it (enumerated) by the Constitution.

The doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that, in the state's opinion, violates the Constitution

Doctrine holding that the national government is supreme in its sphere, the states are supreme in theirs, and the two spheres should be kept separate

Process that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot

Procedure enabling voters to reject a measure passed by the legislature

Procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office

Money given by the national government to the states

Federal grants for specific purposes, such as building airport

Terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants