APHG Chapter 9: Development

The number of people who work in agriculture. This is important because a large value indicates that the country is likely an LDC dependent on agriculture, while a small value indicates that there are fewer people working in agriculture, meaning that the agriculture is more efficient.

As a percentage of daily requirement is an important index of development. People in MDCs generally consume more than 130% of their daily requirements, but most people in LDCs barely get enough to sustain themselves. The problem is worst in Africa, where most people do not eat enough.

A model that describes how economic, political, and/or cultural power is spatially distributed between dominant core regions, and more marginal or dependent semi-peripheral and peripheral regions.

The tendency for cultures to become more alike as they increasingly share technology and organizational structures in a modern world united by improved transportation and communication.

A structuralist theory that offers a critique of the modernization model of development. Based on the idea that certain types of political and economic relations (especially colonialism) between countries and regions of the world have created arrangements that both control and limit the extent to which regions can develop.

A process of improvement in the material conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology.

the amount of energy consumed by business processes and systems; An indicator of development. MDCs tend to consume much more energy per capita than do LDCs. This will be important in the future because as LDCs begin to industrialize, there will be a great strain on the world's energy supply

Investment made by a company in the economy of another country through the buying of permanent property and businesses in foreign nations

the socially constructed roles and characteristics by which a culture defines male and female

A measurement of the total goods and services produced within a country.

The average productivity of individual workers calculated by dividing the gross domestic product by the worker hours required to produce it

The total value of goods and services, including income received from abroad, produced by the residents of a country within a specific time period, usually one year.

Indicator of level of development for each country, constructed by United Nations, combining income, literacy, education, and life expectancy

countries are classified into include MDCs (more developed countries) and LDCs (less developed countries).

used to distinguish LDCs from MDCs. They include GDP, literacy rate, life expectancy, caloric intake, etc.