First battle of the Civil War; a federal fort in Charleston, SC that became the first battle when President Lincoln tried to resupply the soldiers stationed there.

Union general at Fort Sumter who surrendered the fort to to the Confederacy after 2 days of bombardment

Entered the union in 1863 after 50 western counties in Virginia split with the eastern half of the state over the issue of slavery

a novel published by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852 which portrayed slavery as brutal and immoral

American author and daughter of Connecticut preacher, she was an abolitionist and author of the famous antislavery novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin.

Senator from Illinois who ran for president against Abraham Lincoln. He supported the concept of "Popular Sovereignty" in deciding if new states should be slave or free.

the belief that only settlers living in the territories could decide if those territories would enter the union as slave states or free states

a law that allowed voters in Kansas and Nebraska to choose whether to allow slavery; written by Stephen Douglas

Antislavery political party that formed in the 1850's when the antislavery factions of the Whigs and Democrats joined together with the Free Soilers

The 15th President of the United States (1857-1861). He tried to maintain a balance between proslavery and antislavery factions, but his moderate views angered radicals in both North and South.

Radical Republican against the slave power who insulted South Carolina senator Andrew Butler for being pro-slavery

Was a Congressman from South Carolina, notorious for brutally assaulting senator Charles Sumner on the floor of the United States Senate after Sumner insulted his uncle Andrew Butler

United States slave who sued for liberty after living in a non-slave state

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during the Dred Scott decision who wrote the majority opinion stating that because Dred Scott was black, he was not a citizen and could not sue in American court.

Abolitionist who was hanged after leading an unsuccessful raid at Harper's Ferry, Virginia (1800-1858)

Confederate general from Virginia who had opposed secession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force; was only a colonel when his militia captured John Brown

Southern political leaders who held extreme pro-slavery views; favored secession

The act of leaving the Union

Buchanan's vice president who was nominated for president. He supported the expansion of slavery.

16th President of the United States saved the Union during the Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

Presidential candidate of the Constitutional Union Party. He drew votes away from the Democrats, helping Lincoln win.

Formed by moderate Whigs and Know-Nothings in an effort to elect a compromise candidate and avert a sectional crisis.

A republic formed in February of 1861 and composed of the eleven Southern states that seceded from the United States

President of the Confederate States of America

Vice President of the Confederacy

before the war (especially the American civil war)

factory workers (immigrants) in the North who worked long hours, received low wages, and worked in undesirable conditions

Supremacy Clause - clearly states that national law will be supreme over state law

Any powers not given to the federal government by the Constitution are reserved to the states.

A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies

people who watch over and direct the work of slaves

The organization and supervision of slave field hands into working teams on southern plantations; Slaves worked for a set time.

A method of organizing enslaved labor in which workers were given specific set of jobs to accomplish every day, after which they were allowed to spend their time as they chose; worked to complete a set job

A system that helped enslaved African Americans follow a network of abolitionist "conductors" who would lead them from one safe "station" to another until they made it into the free states of the North.

United States abolitionist who escaped from slavery and became an influential writer and lecturer in the North as well as in England; founded the magazine "The North Star" (1817-1895)

A person who wanted to end slavery in the United States

Former slave who helped slaves escape on the Underground Railroad

United States abolitionist who published an anti-slavery journal (1805-1879)

Abolitionist newspaper publisher,

Religious folk songs that blended biblical themes with the realities of slavery