A statement that can be verified and confirmed.

A statement with which others may agree or disagree

A new idea or opinion. It may simply present information or suggest that certain action is needed.

The initial evidence—or reasoning—for a claim. This is an answer to the question "why do you think your claim is true?"

Information or or facts about grounds that help establish their validity. In some cases, this may be simply a more in-depth discussion of the grounds.

Exceptions to claims that indicate the degree of certainty for the claim.

A statement made by an expert who is recognized as an expert in her or his field.

Data collected through methodical investigation or through scientific experiments.

Information that has evidential support and is generally acknowledged to be proven or true.

An appeal to ethics, and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader.

An appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response.

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An appeal to logic, and is a way of persuading an audience by reason, fact and rationality.

The main idea of a piece of writing. It's typically one or two sentences that sum up the main points/argument and showcase the reason for writing.

the argument (or one of the arguments) opposing your thesis statement. The opposite of a claim.

Tells why. This makes someone care and tells the importance of the claim and the argument.

Tells the audience how the claim is proved.

The techniques of using language in order to persuade your audience

The art of using language effectively and persuasively

Using the same symbol throughout a piece.

Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid. Most commonly expressed through similes, metaphors, and personification.

The use of figurative expressions, terms that literally mean something different, but are understood as a "saying."

Saying one thing when you mean another.

An exaggeration used to demonstrate a point.

Saying something is far less than it actually is, for the sake of verbal irony.

Words and terms that are considered polite to replace harsher words.

An incomplete thought, arbitrarily becoming silent.

Acknowledging a point in an opposing argument. Demonstrates honesty.

Words used to cause emotion in the audience.

A brief story related to the topic which may be used to prove a point.

Using a commonly known expression into strengthen an argument.

Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines. Accentuates words and adds rhythm.

Using the same word patterns to show ideas are of equal importance.

Ideas and statements designed to influence opinions.

A comparison of two things with something in common.

A form of logical deduction. Also called "If-Then Logic." Premise 1 + Premise 2 = Conclusion.

Repeating anything with the purpose of making it stand out.

Encouraging your audience to do something specific.

Also called "Catch Phrase." Catchy phrase that makes your argument memorable.

An attempt to influence how others think or act.

Occurs when one brings up an opposing position and proves it to be incorrect.

Supporting an argument with strong facts and evidence.

Lacking factual support; often emotional or opinion based.