What is an argument?

A claim is a statement that supports a position.

What is a counterclaim?

When writers use claims and evidence that are irrelevant, they strengthen their argument.

What is reasoning?

Evidence is the facts, statistics, examples, and comparisons that show why a claim should be believed.

What is a counterargument?

This paragraph presents a strong argument.

By teaching computer programming classes, schools set their students up for professional success. Specifically, knowing how to write code can provide a young person with many job opportunities. For example, The Atlantic reported that, in 2013, "information technology was one of the science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields with the most job postings in the US." Clearly, by offering coding courses, schools can help their students take advantage of this trend.

Counterarguments and counterclaims are the same thing.