Question 1

what is the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

hormonal system

Answer

nervous system

Question 2

what do hormones act on?

Accepted Answer

effectors

Answer

glands

Question 3

which organs make and release hormones?

Accepted Answer

glands

Answer

effectors

Question 4

how do hormones travel around the body?

Accepted Answer

the blood

Answer

the nerves

Question 5

what does TSH do?

Accepted Answer

stimulates the thyroid gland to make thyroxine that helps control your metabolism

Answer

stimulates the ovaries to make the female sex hormone oestrogen

Question 6

what does follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)?

Accepted Answer

stimulates the ovaries to make the female sex hormone oestrogen

Answer

stimulates the thyroid gland to make thyroxine that helps control your metabolism

Question 7

what does the adrenal glands do?

Accepted Answer

prepares the body for stressful situations - 'fight or flight' response

Answer

controls the level of glucose in the blood

Answer

controls the development of the male secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the production of sperm

Question 8

what does the pituitary do?

Accepted Answer

control growth in children, stimulates the production and release of oestrogen in ovaries and testosterone in testes and thyroxine to control the rate of metabolism

Answer

prepares the body for stressful situations - 'fight or flight' response

Answer

controls the level of glucose in the blood

Answer

controls the metabolic rate of the body

Question 9

what does the thyroid do?

Accepted Answer

controls the metabolic rate of the body

Answer

controls the level of glucose in the blood

Answer

prepares the body for stressful situations - 'fight or flight' response

Answer

controls the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the menstrual cycle

Question 10

what do the ovaries do?

Accepted Answer

controls the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the menstrual cycle

Answer

controls the development of the male secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the production of sperm

Answer

prepares the body for stressful situations - 'fight or flight' response

Answer

controls the level of glucose in the blood

Question 11

what do the testes do?

Accepted Answer

controls the development of the male secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the production of sperm

Answer

controls the level of glucose in the blood

Answer

prepares the body for stressful situations - 'fight or flight' response

Question 12

what does the pancreas do?

Accepted Answer

controls the level of glucose in the blood

Answer

controls the development of the male secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the production of sperm

Answer

prepares the body for stressful situations - 'fight or flight' response

Question 13

how is blood glucose levels lowered?

Accepted Answer

pancreas detect the blood sugar levels are low, glucagon is released which acts on the liver and muscle cells to take the glycogen and break it into glucose and release it back into the blood.

Answer

pancreas detect the blood sugar levels are high, insulin is released which acts on the liver and muscle cells to take in glucose from the blood and convert it into insoluble glycogen which is stored and blood glucose levels are lowered.

Question 14

how is blood glucose levels lowered?

Accepted Answer

pancreas detect the blood sugar levels are high, insulin is released which acts on the liver and muscle cells to take in glucose from the blood and convert it into insoluble glycogen which is stored and blood glucose levels are lowered.

Answer

pancreas detect the blood sugar levels are low, glucagon is released which acts on the liver and muscle cells to take the glycogen and break it into glucose and release it back into the blood.

Question 15

what happens when liver and muscle glycogen stores are full?

Accepted Answer

excess glucose is converted into lipids and stored as fat

Answer

excess glucose is converted into lipids and stored as protein

Question 16

what is type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

a person can't lower their blood glucose levels as their cells are no longer responding to insulin. Tends to be to do with diet and lack of exercise

Answer

a person can't lower their blood glucose levels as their pancreas isn't making insulin. Tends to be genetic and develops at a young age

Question 17

what is type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

a person can't lower their blood glucose levels as their pancreas isn't making insulin. Tends to be genetic and develops at a young age

Answer

a person can't lower their blood glucose levels as their cells are no longer responding to insulin. Tends to be to do with diet and lack of exercise

Question 18

which type of feedback do insulin and glucagon work through?

Accepted Answer

negative feedback

Answer

positive feedback

Question 19

how do you treat type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

carbohydrate controlled diet and taking more exercise and possibly some drugs to help improve response to insulin

Answer

insulin injections

Question 20

how do you treat type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

insulin injections

Answer

carbohydrate controlled diet and taking more exercise and possibly some drugs to help improve response to insulin

Question 21

what is positive feedback?

Accepted Answer

any deviation from the normal range triggers a response which leads to more of the change and makes the change deviate even more the normal

Answer

any deviation from the normal range triggers a response which undoes the change and brings it back to normal e.g. if temperature gets high the body lowers the temperature again

Question 22

what is negative feedback?

Accepted Answer

any deviation from the normal range triggers a response which undoes the change and brings it back to normal e.g. if temperature gets high the body lowers the temperature again

Answer

any deviation from the normal range triggers a response which leads to more of the change and makes the change deviate even more the normal

Question 23

what does adrenaline do?

Accepted Answer

stimulates the heart rate to increase and boosts the delivery of oxygen and glucose to the brain and muscles preparing for body to 'fight or flight' - produced in adrenal glands

Answer

stimulates the basal metabolic rate and plays an important role in growth and development - produced in thyroid gland

Question 24

what does thyroxine do?

Accepted Answer

stimulates the basal metabolic rate and plays an important role in growth and development - produced in thyroid gland

Answer

stimulates the heart rate to increase and boosts the delivery of oxygen and glucose to the brain and muscles preparing for body to 'fight or flight' - produced in adrenal glands

Question 25

what does adrenaline do?

Accepted Answer

causes heart rate and breathing rate to increase, stored glycogen is converted into glucose, pupils dilate, mental awareness increases and blood is diverted away from digestive system to the big muscles of the limbs

Answer

causes heart rate and breathing rate to decrease, stored glycogen is converted into glucose, pupils dilate, mental awareness increases and blood is diverted away from digestive system to the big muscles of the limbs

Question 26

what are the secondary sexual characteristics?

Accepted Answer

the sex characteristics you develop during puberty, ie growth spurt, growth of underarm and pubic hair, breasts develop

Answer

the sex characteristics you are born with, ie ovaries in girls and testes in boys

Question 27

what are the primary sexual characteristics?

Accepted Answer

the sex characteristics you are born with, ie ovaries in girls and testes in boys

Answer

the sex characteristics you develop during puberty, ie growth spurt, growth of underarm and pubic hair, breasts develop

Question 28

what is the main male reproductive hormone?

Accepted Answer

testosterone

Answer

oestrogen

Question 29

what is the main female reproductive hormone?

Accepted Answer

oestrogen

Answer

testosterone

Question 30

what are the main stages of the menstrual cycle in order?

Accepted Answer

uterus lining breaks down, period starts, uterus lining starts to build up, ovulation happens (egg is released) and uterus lining is maintained

Answer

uterus lining breaks down, period starts, uterus lining starts to break up, ovulation happens (egg is released) and uterus lining is maintained

Question 31

what does progesterone do?

Accepted Answer

maintains the uterus lining

Answer

stimulates the build up of the uterus lining

Answer

causes ovulation, the egg to be released in the middle of the menstrual cycle

Question 32

what does follicle stimulating hormone do?

Accepted Answer

causes the egg in the ovary to mature

Answer

maintains the uterus lining

Answer

stimulates the build up of the uterus lining

Answer

causes ovulation, the egg to be released in the middle of the menstrual cycle

Question 33

what does luteinising hormone do?

Accepted Answer

causes ovulation, the egg to be released in the middle of the menstrual cycle

Answer

stimulates the build up of the uterus lining

Answer

maintains the uterus lining

Question 34

what does oestrogen do?

Accepted Answer

stimulates the build up of the uterus lining

Answer

maintains the uterus lining

Answer

causes ovulation, the egg to be released in the middle of the menstrual cycle

Question 35

what does testosterone do?

Accepted Answer

causes the testes to release sperm

Answer

causes the testes to release eggs

Question 36

The ovaries of a baby girl contain all the eggs she will ever have. When she reaches puberty, one matures each month and is released. When she runs out of eggs she goes through menopause.

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 37

what are the secondary sexual characteristics of females?

Accepted Answer

growth spurt, growth of under arm hair and pubic hair, the breasts develop, the external genetialia grow and the skin darkens, a pattern of fat is deposited on the hips, buttocks and thighs, the brain changes and matures and mature eggs start being released every month and the uterus grows and menstruation begins

Answer

growth spurt, pubic hair, underarm hair and facial hair grow, the larynx gets bigger and the voice breaks; the external genetalia and the skin darkens; the testes grow and become active producing sperm throughout life; the shoulders and chest broaden as muscles develop and the brain matures

Question 38

what are the secondary sexual characteristics of males?

Accepted Answer

growth spurt, pubic hair, underarm hair and facial hair grow, the larynx gets bigger and the voice breaks; the external genetalia and the skin darkens; the testes grow and become active producing sperm throughout life; the shoulders and chest broaden as muscles develop and the brain matures

Answer

growth spurt, growth of under arm hair and pubic hair, the breasts develop, the external genetialia grow and the skin darkens, a pattern of fat is deposited on the hips, buttocks and thighs, the brain changes and matures and mature eggs start being released every month and the uterus grows and menstruation begins

Question 39

what is ovulation?

Accepted Answer

the release of an egg from the ovaries

Answer

the fusing of the nucleus of the egg and sperm cell

Question 40

what is fertilisation?

Accepted Answer

the fusing of the nucleus of the egg and sperm cell

Answer

the release of an egg from the ovaries

Question 41

which hormone remains high in the body of a pregnant woman?

Accepted Answer

progesterone

Answer

oestrogen

Answer

FSH

Question 42

which hormone stimulates the ovaries to produce oestrogen?

Accepted Answer

FSH

Answer

progesterone

Answer

oestrogen

Question 43

which hormone stimulates the release of LH and inhibits FSH?

Accepted Answer

oestrogen

Answer

progesterone

Answer

FSH

Question 44

which hormone inhibits FSH and LH?

Accepted Answer

progesterone

Answer

oestrogen

Answer

FSH

Question 45

what produces oestrogen?

Accepted Answer

ovaries

Answer

pituitary gland

Answer

empty follicle corpus luteum

Question 46

what produces progesterone?

Accepted Answer

empty follicle corpus luteum

Answer

pituitary gland

Answer

ovaries

Question 47

what produces LH and FSH?

Accepted Answer

pituitary gland

Answer

empty follicle corpus luteum

Answer

ovaries

Question 48

what is contraception?

Accepted Answer

a method of preventing pregnancy

Answer

a method of aiding pregnancy

Question 49

what do barrier methods of contraception do?

Accepted Answer

prevent the egg and sperm meeting and fertilisation from happening

Answer

prevent the maturing and release of eggs by inhibiting release of FSH through the intake of oestrogen/progesterone

Question 50

what do hormonal methods of contraception do?

Accepted Answer

prevent the maturing and release of eggs by inhibiting release of FSH through the intake of oestrogen/progesterone

Answer

prevent the egg and sperm meeting and fertilisation from happening

Question 51

what is a contraceptive patch?

Accepted Answer

mixture of oestrogen and progesterone in a patch which is stuck on to the skin and has to be replaced weekly

Answer

tiny tube inserted under skin to slowly release progesterone

Question 52

what does the mixed pill contain and do?

Accepted Answer

oestrogen and progesterone prevents FSH being released but has a lot of side effects

Answer

progesterone and thickens the cervical mucus to prevent the sperm from reaching the egg, less side effects

Question 53

what does the mini pill contain and do?

Accepted Answer

oestrogen and progesterone prevents FSH being released but has a lot of side effects

Answer

progesterone and thickens the cervical mucus to prevent the sperm from reaching the egg, less side effects

Question 54

what is a contraceptive implant?

Accepted Answer

tiny tube inserted under skin to slowly release progesterone

Answer

mixture of oestrogen and progesterone in a patch which is stuck on to the skin and has to be replaced weekly

Question 55

what are surgical methods of contraception?

Accepted Answer

a surgery in which oviducts or sperm ducts are cut/tied

Answer

device inserted by a doctor into the uterus and contain copper/hormones which prevent impacting of embryos / thickens cervical mucus

Answer

chemicals that kill/disable sperm

Question 56

what are spermicides?

Accepted Answer

chemicals that kill/disable sperm

Answer

device inserted by a doctor into the uterus and contain copper/hormones which prevent impacting of embryos / thickens cervical mucus

Answer

a surgery in which oviducts or sperm ducts are cut/tied

Question 57

what are intrauterine devices?

Accepted Answer

device inserted by a doctor into the uterus and contain copper/hormones which prevent impacting of embryos / thickens cervical mucus

Answer

chemicals that kill/disable sperm

Answer

a surgery in which oviducts or sperm ducts are cut/tied

Question 58

what advantage do barrier methods have over hormonal methods?

Accepted Answer

prevents STIs

Answer

has to be taken daily

Question 59

what is IVF?

Accepted Answer

taking FSH and LH to cause the maturing and releasing of eggs, extracting them and extracting sperm and fertilising them in the lab and implanting the embryo into the uterus

Answer

taking FSH and LH to promote the maturing and release of eggs

Question 60

what is a method of treating infertility?

Accepted Answer

taking FSH and LH to promote the maturing and release of eggs

Answer

taking FSH and LH to cause the maturing and releasing of eggs, extracting them and extracting sperm and fertilising them in the lab and implanting the embryo into the uterus

Question 61

What is the response of a plant to gravity called?

Accepted Answer

gravitropism/geotropism

Answer

phototropism

Question 62

What is the response of a plant to light called?

Accepted Answer

phototropism

Answer

gravitropism/geotropism

Question 63

what controls the response of a plant to light and gravity?

Accepted Answer

auxin

Answer

hormones

Question 64

what does auxin do in roots?

Accepted Answer

prevents growth

Answer

promotes growth and elongation

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