What are the parts of the eye used for refraction?

Which of the following is a branch of the ICA and supplies the amygdala and posterior limb of the internal capsule?

Which of the following is a branch of the ICA and supplies the optic chiasm and tract, hypothalamus, and ventral thalamus?

Which of the following is a branch of the ICA and supplies the medial frontal and parietal lobes for motor and sensory of leg and foot?

Which of the following is a branch of the ICA and is the MC site of berry aneurysms?

Which of the following is a branch of the ICA and supplies the lateral frontal and parietal lobes for motor and sensory of arms, trunk and face as well as Wernicke and Broca's area?

Which of the following is a branch off the basilar artery and supplies the superior inferior cerebellar surface, trigeminal nucleus and tract, facial nucleus, vestibular nuclei, cochlear nuclei and ST tract of the pons?

Which of the following is a branch off the basilar artery and supplies the superior cerebellar surface, lateral and rostral pons, and the ST tract?

Which of the following is a branch off the basilar artery and supplies the midbrain, occipital lobe, inf temporal, thalamus, and subthalamus?

A pt presents with weakness of the lower R face, loss of left eye lateral gaze, ataxia, and R hemiparesis of the trunk and limbs, and Rhemiparesis of trunk and limbs plus loss of R sided proprioception and vibration sense?

Match the CN and fxns.

A patient has loss of facial muscle control for the entire L side of his face. Where is the lesion?

A patient has loss of facial muscle control for the lower L side of his face. Where is the lesion?

A pt presents with blindness in the entire L eye. Where is the lesion?

A pt present with bitemporal hemianopsia. Where is the lesion located?

A pt present with L homonymous hemianopsia. Where is the lesion located?

A pt presents with R homonymous superior quadrantanopia. Where is the lesion located?

A pt presents with R homonymous inferior quadrantanopia. Where is the lesion located?

A pt presents with R homonymous inferior quadrantanopia with macular sparing. Where is the lesion located?

A pt presents with R homonymous superior quadrantanopia with macular sparing. Where is the lesion located?

A pt present with L homonymous hemianopsia with macular sparing. Where is the lesion located?

A pt presents with inability to look up, mydriasis that does not constrict with light (loss of pupillary reflex), loss of convergence, and hydrocephalus. Which of the following conditions do they have?

A pt presents with eye abduction and depression, weakness in CL lower face, tongue, and palate, and CL hemiparesis of entire trunk and extremities. Which of the following conditions do they have?

A pt presents with down and out gaze with fixed pupil, intention tremor, CL cerebellar dystaxia, and CL loss of vibration sense and proprioception. Which of the following conditions do they have?

A pt presents with IL LR loss, IL ataxia and limb movement, CL lower face weakness, CL hemiparesis of trunk and limbs, CL loss of proprioception and vibration sense. Which of the following conditions do they have?

A pt presents with IL facial paralysis, unilat deafness, nystagmus, vertigo, IL loss of pain and temp to face, IL dystaxia, CL pain and temp loss to trunk and limbs, IL Horner's. Which of the following conditions do they have?

A pt presents with paralysis of muscles of mastication, loss of corneal reflex, deviation of jaw to side of lesion, IL loss of pain, temperature, and touch to the face and dystaxia. Which of the following conditions do they have?

A pt presents with IL dystaxia, CL loss of proprioception and vibration sense of trunk and LE, IL Horner's, CL loss of pain and temp of trunk, limbs and face, and intention tremor. Which of the following conditions do they have?

A pt presents with IL tongue paralysis, CL loss of proprioception and vibration of trunk and extremities, and CL hemiparesis of trunk and limbs. Which of the following conditions do they have?

A pt presents with ipsi loss of facial pain and temp sensation and CL loss of pain and temp of trunk and limbs with many CN damage. Which of the following conditions do they have?

Which of the following contains olfactory nerve fibers?

Which of the following contains the origin of the superior sagittal sinus?

Which of the following contains the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery?

Which of the following contains CN III, IV, V1, VI, ophthalmic veins and sympathetic nerves?

Which of the following contains the maxillary nerve?

Which of the following contains the mandibular nerve and accessory meningeal artery

Which of the following contains the middle meningeal artery?

Which of the following contains the greater petrosal nerve and petrosal branch of the middle meningeal artery?

Which of the following contains CN VII, VIII and the internal auditory artery?

Which of the following contains inferior petrosal and transverse sinuses, CN IX, X, and XI, and the meningeal branches of the occipital and ascending pharyngeal aa?

Which of the following contains CN XII and meningeal branch of ascending pharyngeal aa?

Which of the following contains the spinal cord, vertebral aa, ant and post spinal aa, and accessory nerve?

A patient has loss of sensation to the lateral shoulder. What dermatome is affected?

A patient has loss of sensation to the lateral upper arm. What dermatome is affected?

A patient has loss of sensation to the lateral forearm. What dermatome is affected?

A patient has loss of sensation to the middle finger. What dermatome is affected?

A patient has loss of sensation to the medial forearm. What dermatome is affected?

A patient has loss of sensation to the medial upper arm. What dermatome is affected?

A patient has loss of sensation to the umbilicus. What dermatome is affected?

A patient has loss of sensation to the anterior thigh. What dermatome is affected?

A patient has loss of sensation to the knee and medial lower leg. What dermatome is affected?

A patient has loss of sensation to part of the lateral lower leg below knee and above the ankle and the dorsum of the foot. What dermatome is affected?

A patient has loss of sensation to the plantar foot, lateral ankle, and strip up the posterolateral aspect of the leg. What dermatome is affected?

A patient has loss of sensation to the anus. What dermatome is affected?

A patient status post motor vehicle accident is brought by EMS to the emergency department. There is spastic paralysis and loss of all sensory ability beginning near the level of the umbilicus and continuing all the way down the body bilaterally. There is increased patellar and Achilles deep tendon reflexes bilaterally. What occurred?

A patient is brought to the emergency room following a severe assault. There is paralysis beginningat the level of the umbilicus on the right side of the body. There is also decreased proprioception onthe right side of the body in the same areas where there is paralysis. Achilles and patellar reflexesare 4/4 on the right and 2/4 on the left. On the left side of the body, there is decreased pain andtemperature from a level about an inch below the umbilicus that extends all the way down the rest ofthe left side of the body. What occurred?

A patient presents with complaints of “not being able to feel things like normal” throughout both hisarms and across his shoulders, upper chest, and upper back. Examination reveals a patient withdecreased pain and temperature sensation in a cape-like distribution over his upper body. What isthe pathology?

A patient presents with paralysis of the entire left side of his body exclusive of the head and face.He also has tongue weakness allowing the tongue to deviate to the right. On examination, all leftsided deep tendon reflexes are increased. There is loss of proprioception on the left side of thebody. Where is the lesion?

A patient presents with severe weakness of the entire left side of the body, with the exception of theupper left face. DTRs on the left side of the body are increased, as well. He also has right facialanesthesia of the entire face, plus right masseter muscle weakness. Where is the lesion?

A patient presents with complaints of spastic paralysis of the entire right body except for the head. Triceps, biceps, patellar, and Achilles reflexes are 4/4 on the right and 2/4 on the left. He also has left facial weakness and is incapable of fully abducting the left eye. Where is the lesion?

A patient presents with spastic paralysis of the entire left side of the body, with the exception of theleft face. He also has difficulty adducting the right eye. On exam, there is right ptosis with a rightdilated pupil. All DTRs on left extremities measure 4/4. Muscle strength is 0/5 on the left side of thebody. There is no sensory loss. Where is the lesion?

With respect to the previous case, what if the problems were all sensory related (decreased sensory ability) instead of spastic motor problem, but there was still decreased right eye adduction ability, continued ptosis, and a right dilated pupil?

A patient presents with significant weakness of the right leg from the midcalf downward. He also has decreased sensory ability in the same area. Right Achilles reflex measure 3/4. What is thesource of the pathology?

A patient presents with paralysis of the left arm, left upper body, and left face, with drooling as a result of inability to control the muscles around the left mouth. He also complains of decreased ability to “feel things” on the left face and arm. What is the source of the pathology?

A patient presents with hemiplegia of the entire right side of the body. Where is the pathology?

A patient presents with complaints of weakness of the hands and lower extremities. Muscle atrophy is evident in the feet and hands. Achilles deep tendon reflexes are increased. Brachioradialis reflexes are decreased. What is the likely diagnosis?

A patient presents right facial weakness and difficulty in moving eyes about voluntarily. Onexamination, she has a positive Romberg’s sign. Babinski sign is present. Nystagmus is evident.She also complains of having had terrible difficulty in seeing things a couple weeks ago out of her left eye. What is the dx?

A patient suffered acute onset sharp back pain that started yesterday. The pain continues today,but the patient also states that he has “pins and needle” feelings on the bottom of his right foot. Achilles reflex is 1/4. What is the likely neuro problem?

A patient with a long history of various sexually transmitted diseases now presents with complaints of difficulty walking along with lancinating pain in his legs. He walks about by slamming his feet on the ground. On examination, he demonstrates a positive Romberg sign and decreased proprioception bilaterally in both legs. What is the likely diagnosis?