Question 1

Study of heredity and inherited characteristics.

Accepted Answer

Genetics

Question 2

Passing of traits from parents to offspring.

Accepted Answer

Heredity

Question 3

Gregor Mendel, father of modern genetics.

Accepted Answer

Mendel

Question 4

Specific characteristic of an organism.

Accepted Answer

Trait

Question 5

Units of heredity made up of DNA.

Accepted Answer

Genes

Question 6

Different forms of a gene.

Accepted Answer

Alleles

Question 7

Having two identical alleles for a gene.

Accepted Answer

Homozygous

Question 8

Having two different alleles for a gene.

Accepted Answer

Heterozygous

Question 9

Organisms producing identical offspring.

Accepted Answer

Pure-breeding

Question 10

Offspring of parents with different traits.

Accepted Answer

Hybrid

Question 11

Allele masking another allele.

Accepted Answer

Dominant

Question 12

Allele expressed with identical allele.

Accepted Answer

Recessive

Question 13

Organism's genetic makeup in alleles.

Accepted Answer

Genotype

Question 14

Physical expression of genotype.

Accepted Answer

Phenotype

Question 15

Mating of two organisms.

Accepted Answer

Cross

Question 16

Diagram predicting genetic cross outcomes.

Accepted Answer

Punnett square

Question 17

Cross between heterozygous organisms for two traits.

Accepted Answer

Dihybrid cross

Question 18

Disorder from two recessive alleles.

Accepted Answer

Recessive Genetic Disorder

Question 19

Disorder from one dominant allele.

Accepted Answer

Dominant Genetic Disorder

Question 20

Diagram showing genetic trait inheritance.

Accepted Answer

Pedigree

Question 21

Organelle containing DNA.

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 22

Four nitrogenous bases in DNA.

Accepted Answer

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

Question 23

Adenine=Thymine, Cytosine=Guanine in DNA.

Accepted Answer

Chargaff's Rule

Question 24

Weak bonds between DNA nitrogen bases.

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 25

DNA molecule shape.

Accepted Answer

Double helix

Question 26

Building block of DNA.

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Question 27

Three parts of a DNA nucleotide.

Accepted Answer

Phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogenous base

Question 28

Copying DNA for new cell formation.

Accepted Answer

DNA replication

Question 29

Cell cycle stage for DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

S phase of interphase

Question 30

Enzyme name suffix.

Accepted Answer

-ase

Question 31

Unzips DNA double helix.

Accepted Answer

DNA Helicase

Question 32

Synthesizes and proofreads new DNA strands.

Accepted Answer

DNA polymerase

Question 33

New DNA with one old and one new strand.

Accepted Answer

Semi-conservative replication

Question 34

Four nitrogenous bases in RNA.

Accepted Answer

Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

Question 35

Single vs. double-stranded, ribose vs. deoxyribose sugar, uracil vs. thymine.

Accepted Answer

RNA vs. DNA

Question 36

DNA to mRNA conversion.

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Question 37

mRNA to protein conversion.

Accepted Answer

Translation

Question 38

Three RNA bases coding for an amino acid.

Accepted Answer

Codon

Question 39

Organelle making proteins from RNA.

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 40

Initiates protein translation.

Accepted Answer

Start codon AUG

Question 41

Change in DNA sequence.

Accepted Answer

Mutation

Question 42

Break down food into nutrients for the body.

Accepted Answer

Digestive System function

Question 43

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus

Accepted Answer

Organs of Digestive System

Question 44

Begins in the mouth

Accepted Answer

Chemical Digestion Start

Question 45

Amylase in saliva

Accepted Answer

Enzyme for Starches

Question 46

Small intestine, specifically the villi

Accepted Answer

Nutrient Absorption Site

Question 47

Large intestine

Accepted Answer

Water Absorption Location

Question 48

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

Accepted Answer

Organs of Excretory System

Question 49

Nephron filters blood

Accepted Answer

Functional Unit of Kidney

Question 50

Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries

Accepted Answer

Organs of Circulatory System

Question 51

Arteries (away from heart), veins (to heart), capillaries (exchange)

Accepted Answer

Types of Blood Vessels

Question 52

Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

Accepted Answer

Organs of Respiratory System

Question 53

Control body responses to stimuli

Accepted Answer

Function of Nervous System

Question 54

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

Accepted Answer

Organs of Nervous System

Question 55

Sensory (to CNS), Motor (from CNS)

Accepted Answer

Types of Neurons

Question 56

CNS: Brain, spinal cord; PNS: Nerves outside CNS

Accepted Answer

Central vs. Peripheral Nervous System

Question 57

Protect body from pathogens

Accepted Answer

Function of Immune System

Question 58

Lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, white blood cells

Accepted Answer

Organs of Immune System

Question 59

T cells (attack infected cells), B cells (produce antibodies)

Accepted Answer

Types of White Blood Cells

Question 60

Microorganism causing disease (e.g., bacteria, viruses)

Accepted Answer

Pathogen Definition

Question 61

Infectious agent replicating in living cells, not considered alive

Accepted Answer

Virus Description

Question 62

Produces hormones regulating body functions

Accepted Answer

Function of Endocrine System

Question 63

Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, etc.

Accepted Answer

Organs of Endocrine System

Question 64

Support, protect organs, produce blood cells, store minerals, allow movement

Accepted Answer

Functions of Skeletal System

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