He was the first Secretary of the Treasury, pushed for a National Bank, founder of Federalist Party, wanted to tax Americans for war debt but tax on imported goods was never adopted, killed in a duel by Aaron Burr

An event or action set as an example for future generations

Speech in which George Washington advised the country to 1)Keep away from forming political parties 2)Remain neutral in foreign affairs

Rebellion by farmers over whiskey tax. Washington and Hamilton used militia in Pennsylvania to stop rebellion. Demonstrating that federal government had the power to deal with such issues in the future.

Group that wanted: Strong Federal/National government, tariffs on imports, federal banks, standing army. Founded by Alexander Hamilton

Group that wanted: Wanted Strong State governments, free trade, state banks, state militias. Founded by Thomas Jefferson

Occurred during John Adam's presidency. Incident in which French officials demanded bribes to stop French seizures of American shipping

Deported any non-citizen seen as a threat, extended amount of time to become citizens

John Adams signed this act making it illegal for anyone to criticize the government. Many newspaper publishers (especially non federalists) were arrested for printing negative articles/opinions about Adams and his Federalist Government.

Lead the U.S. forces to victory at the Battle of New Orleans. Nickname "Old Hickory"; Democrat known to represent the "Common Man". Won elections of 1828 & 1832 in which voter participation increased.

These three issues (impressments, trade embargoes and conflicts with Natives) led to what war?

Year Thomas Jefferson purchased the Louisiana territory from France for $15,000,000.00

What country did the US go to war with during the War of 1812?

Northern neighbor that war hawks in Congress wanted to invade in 1812 to gain more land for the US

Two important geographical gains made by the US with the Louisiana Purchase

The power of a court to determine the constitutionality of a governmental action. Established with Marbury v Madison

Treaty signed to end War of 1812. The treaty ended without any gains or losses by America or Britain.

This Supreme Court case established the process of Judicial Review

First election that had political party candidates; John Adams and Federalist party victors.

Vice President Thomas Jefferson defeated President John Adams. Lead to passage of 12th amendment where electors vote separately for president and vice president.

Washington's Vice President, 2nd US President, known for Alien and Sedition Acts and the XYZ affair

Wrote Declaration of Independence, Washington's Secretary of State, 3rd US President, Embargo Act, founder of Democratic Republican Party

President during War of 1812. 4th President of the US.

group of officials who head government departments and advise the President

Not taking sides. Example - France and England go to War we chose not to pick a country to support.

To end trade with another country

British practice of taking American sailors and forcing them into military service

Land obtained in 1803 stretching between Mississippi River and Rocky Mountains; doubled size of the US; cost 15 million dollars. Seen as loose interpretation of constitution by Pres Jefferson.

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1801 to 1835. Helped establish power of the federal government through various court cases such as Marbury V. Madison.

Set up the Federal Court system. President appoints federal judges and congress approves appointees.

Policy set by President Monroe warning Europe to keep out of the Western Hemisphere and the US would stay out of European affairs

fought in American Revolution, helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase and served as Sec of State under President Madison. Became President in 1817. Issued Monroe Doctrine in 1823

tax on imported goods

Great Compromiser. Missouri Compromise, Compromise of 1833 and 1850

the belief that an individual state may restrict federal authority

cancel out or not follow

high tariffs passed by John Quincy Adams that angered southern states such as South Carolina. Hurt south's economy (devalued raw materials)

South Carolina cancelled tariffs & threatened to secede from the Union if federal govt tried to collect the tax

Leader of the Whig Party, originally pro-North, supported the Compromise of 1850

region of U.S. occupied by the 5 civilized Native American tribes & coveted by white settlers wanting gold and land

South Carolina Senator - advocate for state's rights, limited government, and nullification of federal laws

Cherokee fought the Indian Removal Act by taking issue to supreme court, supreme court ruled in favor of Cherokees, Cherokees should not have to leave their land, & Andrew Jackson ignores and continues to move natives west of the Mississippi River

Forced removal of the Cherokees, during harsh winter, from their native homeland to new territory in Oklahoma. A 1/4 of the Cherokees did not survive the trip/journey

Idea of spreading political power to all people and ensuring majority rule, Govt. by the people (common man & not wealthy), changed voting requirements (only white males but did not have have to own property)

changing voting requirements; did not have to own property or pay taxes (all adult white males able to vote)

created by Jackson & supporters of Jackson

The "average" American citizen, whose concerns are represented in government.

(hurt economy) Raised the price of imported goods and lowered the price of their exported raw materials

Law forcing Indians to move west of Mississippi River. Goals included avoiding conflict between White Settlers and Indians, seizing Indian land for southern farmers and protecting Indian governments and cultures.

Maryland wanted to tax its branch of the national bank but court established that federal laws override state laws.

Supreme Court ruled that only federal government can regulate interstate commerce

Jackson's win in the election of 1828 represents a shift of political power from the elite to majority of Americans.

More Americans played an active role in politics during this time.

Jackson viewed bank as a monopoly that favored wealthy Easterners and limited western growth. Also felt it was unconstitutional. He pulled all federal money from the bank and vetoed the charter to continue it.