a measure of the amount of electrical potential energy an electron flowing in a circuit can gain; measured in volts

imbalance of electric charge on an object

circuit that has only one path for electric current to follow

a measure of how difficult it is for electrons to flow in a material; unit is the ohm

circuit that has more than one path for electric current to follow.

states that the current in a circuit equals the voltage divided by the resistance in the circuit

atom that is positively or negatively charged

material in which electrons cannot move easily

rate at which electrical energy is converted into other forms of energy, measured in watts (W) or kilowatts (kW).

attractive or repulsive force exerted by all charged objects on each other.

surrounds every electric charge and exerts forces on other electric charges.

rapid movement of excess charge from one place to another.

he flow of electric charge, measured in amperes

closed conducting loop in which electric current can flow continually

material in which electrons can move easily