By the 1890s, more than half of all immigrants in the United States were

In the early 1860s, Chinese immigrants came to the United States to

Many labor unions opposed immigration, arguing that most immigrants

Most people who lived in "streetcar suburbs" were

William M. Tweed was

In big cities like Chicago in the 1800s, what functioned like community centers and political centers for male workers?

Immigrants tended to adjust well to America if they

Nativists wanted to

Tammany Hall was a

Political machines provided new city dwellers with necessities such as jobs, housing, and police protection in exchange for

The idea of individualism was that

What philosophy stated that some people failed in life simply because they were caught up in circumstances they could not control?

What organization offered practical aid and religious counseling to the urban poor?

Nativism had focused primarily on Irish immigrants but grew to include Asians, Jews, and

By the 1890s, immigrants made up significant percentages of some of the country's largest

Where did many Chinese immigrants settle?

What law, passed in 1882, barred Chinese immigration for 10 years and prevented the Chinese already in the country from becoming citizens?

The processing center for the vast majority of immigrants arriving on the East Coast was at

To alleviate congestion in city streets, Chicago built an elevated railroad, and both Boston and New York built the first

By calling their era the Gilded Age, Mark Twain and Charles Warner were sounding

Just as Darwin had looked at the natural world scientifically, a new movement in art and literature moved away from romanticism and was called

Popular culture changed in the late 1800s because industrialization improved the standard of living for many people, enabling them to spend money on

From about 1870 until 1920, reformers worked to better conditions in cities according to biblical ideals of charity and justice in the

What was often crucial to the Americanization of immigrant children?

Who founded the Tuskegee Institute?

Who opened the Hull House in Chicago?

Who gave away most of their money to public libraries, museums, and concert halls?

Published a book describing a perfect society in 2000

the most basic and cheapest accommodations on a steamship

an anti-immigrant organization

location of a barracks in California to accommodate Asian immigrants

an extreme dislike for foreigners by native-born people and a desire to limit immigration

an informal political group designed to gain and keep power

documented slum life in the book How the Other Half Lives

wrote rags to riches novels

First salaried baseball team, formed in 1869