laid out the formula for defining fundamental rights that later courts have used in incorporation cases

incorporated the freedom of the press; also established the prior restraint notion; the government cannot censor something ahead of time.

incorporated the freedom from government-established religion

incorporated the right to bear arms

incorporated the protection from unreasonable searches and seizures

incorporated the exclusionary rule

incorporated the right to counsel in criminal cases

incorporated the freedom of speech as well as set the precedent of selective incorporation

rejected the notion of total incorporation