Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]

1. Consent

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]

2. Onerous

3. Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]

Divert

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]

4. Apex

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]

5. Acute

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]

1. Organs

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]

2. Signals

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]

3. Peak

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]

4. Framing

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]

5.Point

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(b) Choose the correct option for the questions given below: [10]

1. In which Indian city was the first green corridor created?

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

2. What is the chief obstacle in organ transplantation?

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

3. Name the organization which is framing a proposal to airlift cadaver organs.

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

4. What is the onerous task the author is talking about in para 1?

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

5.   Why do most people avoid going for a heart transplant?

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]6.   Whydo most states refer organ transplant cases to larger hospitals?

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]7.   Aheart retrieved from a body is alive only for _____________ hours.

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]8.   Inparagraph 5, ‘the lack of a robust system’ suggests:

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]9.   Inparagraph 5, what does the author mean by ‘a few golden hours?

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]10. What is theadvantage of air-lifting cadaver organs to the recipients who could be waitingat distant hospitals?

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]Choose themost appropriate word to fill in the blank in the given sentences  [5]

1. Thepolice car chased the robbers ____________ the streets.

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]2. Thewhole family turned _____________ him.

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]3. Ittook her a few days to get _____________ the shock.

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]4. Hiscompany is having difficulty breaking ___________ new markets.

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Donated Organs and their Transportation

1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and the organs are matched to a recipient, medical professionals are faced with the onerous challenge of transporting organs while ensuring that the harvested organ reaches its destination in the shortest possible time. This is done in order to preserve the harvested organs and involves the police and especially the traffic police department.

2. The traditional method of transporting organs by road is referred to as a “green corridor”. This process entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move around traffic – usually a specific traffic lane is chosen and all signal son the route stay green to ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the smooth and steady transportation of harvested organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a life-saving transplant. Organstend to have a very short preservation time, such as the heart which has to be harvested and transplanted within four hours or the lungs which can be preserved for only six hours once they are harvested.

3. The first green corridor in India was created by Chennai Traffic Police in September 2008when they accomplished their task of enabling an ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes during peak hour traffic. That organ save da nine-year-old girl whose life depended on the transplant.

4.Similarly, such green corridors have been created by traffic police of various cities such as Pune, Mumbai, Delhi NCR etc. Personnel are stationed at selected points to divert, control and clear the traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green corridor from IGI Airport to Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms was covered in 11 minutes.

5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in least possible time. National Organ & Tissue Transplant organisation  (NOTTO), the country’s apex organ donation agency, is now framinga proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver organs have a short life and so transplant should be done within a few golden hours.” Director (NOTTO) expressed, “therefore, we are preparing a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”

6. Most states do not have enough well-trained experts to retrieve or perform transplant procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a transplant. So, patients are referred toother big centres in metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from Aurangabad,Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality healthcare centres, informed officials.

7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients are suffering from acute heart failure and need a heart transplant at any point of time. In a privateset-up, a heart transplant costs 15-20 lakhs, which is followed up by postoperative medication of about Rs 30,000 per month, lifelong.”

(i) Given below are five words from the passage along with four options for each. Choose the option which has a similar meaning in the passage: [5]5. He hasno sympathy ___________ the poor.

Choose thecorrect option to fill in the blank in each sentences:

1.   IfI __________ you were coming, I would have come to the airport.

2.   Shetold me that she would let me know as soon as she ___________ information.

3.   “I____________ a better job if I had graduated with an MBA degree.”

4.   Choosethe correct statement:

5.   Bythe time she leaves college next year, she ____________ there four years.

6.   The clerk _______________ the money from the bank by one o’clock.

7.   He told me that he ______________ such a lazy boy as I was.

8.   “HadI known you were coming, I __________ cooked your favourite dish.”

9.   She’sin hospital with a head injury. She ____________ wearing her helmet!

10. Why was the librarian so badtempered yesterday? She ____________ a head-ache.

11.   You____________ that! It made her really upset.

12. Like last year I __________ myvacation in my country house.

13. This time nextweek I __________ to New York.

14. You ___________ helped him. Hecould have done it by himself!

15. By tomorrow I _______________ toschool for six weeks straight .