How does the black box on an airplane record information about the flight?

It uses microphones in the cockpit and sensors all over the plane.

It uses close circuit television transmissions.

Flight attendants enter information manually into a computer in the box.

The passage explains that the solid state technology is an improvement over the magnetic tape technology. What was one problem with black boxes using magnetic tape technology?

The tapes could break as they were stretched across a machine to be read.

The tapes did not provide clear video images.

The tapes could get damaged if passengers had magnets on the plane.

The color of the boxes made them difficult to find after an accident.

Solid state memory boards are more reliable than magnetic tapes for recording and transmitting flight information. Which evidence from the text supports this conclusion?

Solid state technology records more data than magnetic tape technology.

The black box draws energy from two generators that are powered by the plane’s engines.

Information recorded on solid state technology can be downloaded in minutes.

Solid state memory boards use memory chips to record and store information.

Which of the following conclusions about flight recordings is supported by the text?

It is critical to get the most reliable data from flight recordings when investigating airplane accidents.

Experts began to record flight information only recently.

Digitized black boxes record flight information more effectively because they use more generators than the older ones.

The most reliable methods for recording flight data are the oldest ones.

What is the main idea of this passage?

Digitized signals are a vast improvement over magnetic tapes in black box recorders.

The Wright Brothers created flight recorders when they invented the airplane.

Airplanes should record information when they are in flight.

Colorful flight recording devices are easier to find than black ones.

Digital Signals Are the Future of the Black Box

Here’s a **quiz on Lesson 1: Introduction to Analog Communication (Unit 8)** based on your file 👇 --- # 🧠 **Quiz – Lesson 1 (Analog Communication)** **Marks:** 20 --- ## ✍️ **Part 1: Choose the correct answer (8 marks)** 1. A signal is: a) A device b) A physical quantity that carries information c) A type of wire d) A computer 2. A continuous signal is defined over: a) Discrete values b) Infinite real values c) Only integers d) Binary values 3. Digital signals have: a) Infinite values b) Two values (0 and 1) c) Random values d) Analog values 4. Sampling is used to: a) Increase noise b) Convert analog to digital c) Amplify signals d) Reduce bandwidth 5. A deterministic signal: a) Cannot be predicted b) Has known values c) Is always random d) Has no pattern 6. Even signal satisfies: a) x(t) = -x(-t) b) x(t) = x(-t) c) x(t) = 0 d) x(t) ≠ x(-t) 7. Periodic signal repeats after: a) Time T b) Infinite time c) No time d) Random time 8. A system is: a) A signal only b) Input only c) Takes input and gives output d) A wire --- ## ✍️ **Part 2: Complete (6 marks)** 1. A signal can be represented as __________. 2. Continuous signals are defined over __________ values. 3. Digital signals take values like __________ and __________. 4. A random signal cannot be __________ easily. 5. Odd signal satisfies __________. 6. A periodic signal repeats every __________. --- ## ✍️ **Part 3: True or False (6 marks)** 1. Analog signals are continuous. ( ) 2. Digital signals can take infinite values. ( ) 3. Sampling converts analog to digital signal. ( ) 4. Deterministic signals are predictable. ( ) 5. Odd signals pass through origin. ( ) 6. Aperiodic signals repeat over time. ( ) --- ## 🎯 **Bonus Question (Optional)** Give one example of: * Analog signal * Digital signal -

A technical definition states or describes exactly the nature, scope, or meaning of something. Guidelines for Writing Technical Definitions 1. Be accurate. Use precise terms. Examples: Weak definition: Data is an information in digital form that can be transmitted or processed. Accurate and precise definition: Data are the quantities, characters, or symbols on which operations are performed by a computer, being stored and transmitted in the form of electrical signals and recorded on magnetic, optical, or mechanical recording media. 2. Be objective. Use facts, not opinions. Examples: Opinionated definition: A questionnaire is not valid and reliable for the study. Factual definition: A questionnaire is a set of printed or written questions with a choice of answers, devised for the purposes of a survey or statistical study. Clock or Time Heart or Love Bird or Freedom 11 3. Grade your language. Match it to the knowledge level of your readers. Examples: Complex and complicated definition: Research is a systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions. Simple and clear definition: Research is collecting of information about a particular subject

A real-world example of a control system – growing crops A farm that grows fruit and vegetables makes use of many different control systems. It relies on these systems to make sure that the produce it grows are kept in the correct conditions to make sure that they do grow. It would be a huge task for a farmer to constantly check his produce, so he relies on these systems to do this for him. One control system that he could use is to control the conditions within his greenhouses. The correct level of light and temperature will need to be maintained. The control systems will incorporate light sensors, temperature sensors, microprocessors and actuators to maintain the correct conditions. The farmer wants to make sure the temperature is between 22 °C and 25 °C. 1The control system uses a temperature sensor to read the temperature within the greenhouse on a regular basis. 2The readings are sent to a microprocessor. They will need to be converted from analogue data to digital data to be processed by the microprocessor. 3The microprocessor compares the reading to the set range. 4If the reading is within the range, no further action is taken. 5If the reading is greater than 25 °C, the microprocessor sends a signal to an actuator that could drive an action, such as open a window to the greenhouse. 6If the reading is less than 22 °C, the microprocessor sends a signal to an actuator that could drive an action, such as turn on a heater in the greenhouse. 7The whole process is repeated.

29 April 2025: Lesson Starter - Analog and digital signals

Check for Understanding - Analog and Digital Signals

Common On-Chip Peripherals: Serial Communication Interfaces: UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter): Enables serial communication for data transmission and reception. SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface): Facilitates fast, synchronous serial communication with external devices. I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit): Another common protocol for serial communication, often used for connecting sensors and other peripherals. Timers and Counters: General Purpose Timers: Used for generating precise time delays and measuring intervals. Real-Time Clock (RTC): Keeps track of time even when the DSP is in a low-power state. Watchdog Timer: Monitors the DSP's operation and resets it if it detects a fault. Interrupt Controllers: Interrupts: Allow peripherals to signal the DSP when an event occurs, enabling efficient and responsive system operation. Memory Management: DMA (Direct Memory Access): Enables data transfer between memory and peripherals without CPU intervention, improving efficiency. On-Chip Memory: Includes RAM, ROM, and flash memory for storing data and code. Audio/Video Interfaces: DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter): Converts digital signals to analog signals for audio output. ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter): Converts analog signals to digital signals for processing. I/O Ports: GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output): Provides flexible control over external devices. Ethernet MAC (Media Access Controller): Enables network connectivity. Other Peripherals: LCD Controller: For displaying information on LCD screens. USB Interface: For connecting to USB devices. CAN (Controller Area Network): For communication in automotive and industrial applications.

Digital vs analog signals

Digital and Analog Signals

Related quizzes

Related quizzes