"An estimated thousand people lived in St. Louis's Hooverville, located on the banks of the Missisippi near the city dump. In New York, noted one observer in 1931, hobos were "coming into the city in larger numbers than ever before and have set up a 'jungle' for themselves in the heart of the East Side" on vacant lots owned by the city. --Kenneth Kusmer, 2002......Which of the following contributed most ot th esituation described in this except?