Question 1

What is the primary structural component of the Gram-positive bacterial cell wall?

Accepted Answer

Peptidoglycan

Answer

Lipopolysaccharide

Answer

Cellulose

Answer

Chitin

Question 2

Which staining technique is used to differentiate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Gram stain

Answer

Endospore stain

Answer

Acid-fast stain

Answer

Negative stain

Question 3

What is the main difference in cell wall composition between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, while Gram-negative bacteria have a thin layer and an outer membrane.

Answer

Gram-positive have more lipids than Gram-negative

Answer

Both have the same level of peptidoglycan

Answer

Gram-positive have no peptidoglycan, Gram-negative do

Question 4

Which of the following is a characteristic of Gram-negative bacteria?

Accepted Answer

They typically have an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharides.

Answer

They lack a cell wall.

Answer

They stain purple after Gram staining.

Answer

They have a thick layer of peptidoglycan.

Question 5

In the context of Gram-negative bacteria, what role do porins play?

Accepted Answer

They function as channels for the transport of small molecules across the outer membrane.

Answer

They act as enzymes for cell wall degradation.

Answer

They provide structural support to the peptidoglycan layer.

Answer

They are involved in the synthesis of lipopolysaccharides.

Question 6

What is the result of a Gram stain on Gram-positive bacteria?

Accepted Answer

They appear purple under a microscope.

Answer

They appear pink under a microscope.

Answer

They do not take up any dye.

Answer

They appear colorless.

Question 7

What is the function of teichoic acids found in the Gram-positive bacterial cell wall?

Accepted Answer

They help to maintain cell wall structure and play a role in cell division.

Answer

They promote bacterial motility.

Answer

They act as toxins against host cells.

Answer

They are responsible for energy production.

Question 8

What color do Gram-negative bacteria appear after being subjected to the Gram stain procedure?

Accepted Answer

Pink

Answer

Blue

Answer

Colorless

Answer

Purple

Question 9

Which component of the Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane is recognized as a potent virulence factor?

Accepted Answer

Lipopolysaccharide

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Teichoic acid

Answer

Peptidoglycan

Question 10

What is the significance of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Their outer membrane can block the entry of certain antibiotics.

Answer

They are more susceptible to all types of antibiotics.

Answer

They can survive in higher temperatures than Gram-positive bacteria.

Answer

They have more effective cellular machinery for drug metabolism.

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