Question 1

What is the function of a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

to control what enters and leaves the cell

Answer

to support the cell

Answer

to from hard outer covering for the the cell

Answer

to perform different functions

Question 2

Which organelle is the control center of a cell?

Accepted Answer

nucleus

Answer

mitochondrian

Answer

chloroplast

Answer

ribosome

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

The convert energy from food molecules into energy the cell can use.

Answer

They store energy from sunlight.

Answer

They produce nucleic acids that release energy.

Answer

They store energy from food molecules

Question 4

How does a bacterial cell differ from a plant or animal cell?

Accepted Answer

does not have a nucleus

Answer

it has no organelles

Answer

it has no cytoplasm

Answer

it is larger

Question 5

Which organelles found in plant and animal cells are also found in bacterial cells?

Accepted Answer

ribosomes

Answer

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

cholorplasts

Answer

golgi bodies

Question 6

Which organelles store food and other materials needed by the cell?

Accepted Answer

vacuoles

Answer

ribosomes

Answer

mitochondria

Answer

chloroplasts

Question 7

What are the products of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

oxygen and sugar

Answer

carbon dioxide and sugars

Answer

carbon dioxide and water

Answer

oxygen and water

Question 8

What happens during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

The cell uses the energy in sunlight to make food.

Answer

The cell uses glucose to make oxygen .

Answer

The cell uses oxygen to make food.

Answer

The cell uses the energy in sunlight to make carbon dioxide.

Question 9

What happens during respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is broken down, releasing energy.

Answer

water and carbon dioxide are converted into energy

Answer

oxygen is released into the air

Answer

carbohydrates are released into the bloodstream

Question 10

How are photosynthesis and respiration related?

Accepted Answer

they have opposite equations

Answer

they both produce oxygen

Answer

they have the same equations

Answer

they both produce carbon dioxide

Question 11

A DNA molecule is shaped like a

Accepted Answer

spiral staircase

Answer

triple helix

Answer

long thin rod

Answer

straight ladder

Question 12

During DNA replication, adenine (A) always pairs with

Accepted Answer

thymine

Answer

adenine

Answer

guanine

Answer

cytosine

Question 13

Factors that controls traits

Accepted Answer

genes

Answer

purebreeds

Answer

recessives

Answer

parents

Question 14

Scientists call an organism that has two different alleles for a trait a

Accepted Answer

hybrid

Answer

purebreed

Answer

factor

Answer

trait

Question 15

What does the notation TT mean to geneticists?

Accepted Answer

two dominant alleles

Answer

one dominant and one recessive allele

Answer

at least one dominant allele

Answer

heterozygous alleles

Question 16

What does the notation Tt mean to geneticists?

Accepted Answer

one dominant allele and one recessive

Answer

two recessive alleles

Answer

homozygous alleles

Answer

two dominant alleles

Question 17

What is probability?

Accepted Answer

a number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur

Answer

actual results from a series of events

Answer

the way the results of one event affects the next event

Answer

the number of times a coin lands heads up

Question 18

What does a Punnett square show?

Accepted Answer

all possible outcomes of a genetic cross

Answer

on the recessive outcomes

Answer

only the dominant alleles in a genetic cross

Answer

all of Mendel's discoveries about genetic crosses

Question 19

If BB is crossed with bb what is the probability that the offspring will have black fur? Black is dominant.

Accepted Answer

100 percent

Answer

75 percent

Answer

50 percent

Answer

25 percent

Question 20

An organism's physical appearance is its

Accepted Answer

phenotype

Answer

codominance

Answer

heterozygous

Answer

genotype

Question 21

When sex cells combine to produce offspring each sex cell will contribute

Accepted Answer

half the number of chromosomes

Answer

the normal amount of chromosomes

Answer

1/4 number of chromosomes

Answer

twice the number of chromosomes

Question 22

What is a mutation?

Accepted Answer

any change in a gene or chromosome

Answer

any change in the phenotype of a cell

Answer

any change that is harmful to an organism

Answer

any change that is helpful to an organism

Question 23

Which term refers to physical characteristics that are studied in genetics?

Accepted Answer

traits

Answer

offspring

Answer

hybrids

Answer

generations

Question 24

The different forms of a gene are called

Accepted Answer

alleles

Answer

mask

Answer

factors

Answer

traits

Question 25

Where does protein synthesis take place?

Accepted Answer

on the ribosomes in the cytoplasm of the cell

Answer

on the chromosomes in the cytoplasm

Answer

in the ribosomes in the nucleus

Answer

in the chromosomes in the nucleus

Question 26

An organism's genotype is its

Accepted Answer

genetic makeup

Answer

stem height

Answer

feather color

Answer

physical appearance

Question 27

An organism that has two identical alleles of a trait is

Accepted Answer

homozygous

Answer

heterozygous

Answer

tall

Answer

codominant

Question 28

A heterozygous organism has

Accepted Answer

two different alleles for a trait

Answer

only one alleles

Answer

two identical alleles

Answer

3 different alleles

Question 29

Chromosomes are made up of

Accepted Answer

many genes joined together

Answer

transfer RNA

Answer

many traits joined together

Answer

one pair of alleles

Question 30

Why are viruses like parasites?

Accepted Answer

they harm the cel they enter

Answer

they multiply

Answer

they use their own energy to develop

Answer

they make their own food

Question 31

Which of the following statements does not describe an active virus?

Accepted Answer

'hides' in the host cell

Answer

it destroys the host cell

Answer

attaches to the host cell

Answer

takes over the host cell function

Question 32

What characteristic of viruses makes them useful in gene therapy?

Accepted Answer

their ability to enter cells

Answer

their ability to remain inactive for a long time

Answer

their inability to take over the function of host cells

Answer

their inability to multiply in cells

Question 33

Which of the following is found in the cytoplasm of bacterial cells?

Accepted Answer

genetic material

Answer

cell membrane

Answer

flagella

Answer

nucleus

Question 34

What important role do bacteria called decomposers play?

Accepted Answer

they return basic chemicals to the environment

Answer

they kill harmful bacteria

Answer

they slow down food spoilage

Answer

they produce vitamins

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a role of bacteria that live in human bodies?

Accepted Answer

fixing nitrogen

Answer

making vitamins

Answer

competing for space with disease causing bacteria

Answer

digesting food

Question 36

Which of the following is an example of indirect contact that spreads some infectious diseases?

Accepted Answer

inhaling infected drops of moisture

Answer

hugging an infected person

Answer

touching an infected person

Answer

animal bites

Question 37

The best treatment for most viral infections is

Accepted Answer

bed rest

Answer

over the counter medication

Answer

antibiotic

Answer

vaccine

Question 38

Viruses are considered to be nonliving because they

Accepted Answer

do not show all characteristics of life

Answer

cannot multiply

Answer

are smaller than bacteria

Answer

use energy to grow

Question 39

The process of breaking down food to release its energy is called

Accepted Answer

respriation

Answer

binary fission

Answer

nutrition

Answer

conjugation

Question 40

What directly provides energy for a virus?

Accepted Answer

its host

Answer

food

Answer

the sun

Answer

parasite

Question 41

Which phrase describes the size of virus particles?

Accepted Answer

smaller than cells

Answer

same size as cells

Answer

slightly larger than cells

Answer

much larger than cells

Question 42

Which of the following structures are always found in bacterial cells?

Accepted Answer

nuclei

Answer

ribosomes

Answer

coats

Answer

flagella

Question 43

The term 'antibiotic resistant' refers to bacteria that

Accepted Answer

survive in the presence of antibiotic

Answer

are dead or altered

Answer

are resistant to vaccines

Answer

are weakened and destroyed by antibiotics

Question 44

Which disease can be contracted by inhaling infected droplets?

Accepted Answer

flu

Answer

Lyme disease

Answer

rabies

Answer

tetanus

Question 45

Many bacterial disease can be cured using

Accepted Answer

antibiotics

Answer

toxins

Answer

viruses

Answer

endospores

Question 46

You have a cold, but your doctor will not give you an antibiotic, because

Accepted Answer

antibiotics do not kill viruses

Answer

antibiotics make colds worse

Answer

colds are not infectious

Answer

antibiotics provide bacteria with food

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