Question 1

A pot containing water is warmed on a stovetop. The chart shows the temperature and physical observations before and after the water is warmed. Which is true about the number of particles?

Accepted Answer

the number of particles is the same at both temperatures

Answer

there are less particles at higher temperatures

Answer

there are more particles at higher temperatures

Question 2

Which statement best describes this molecule?

Accepted Answer

a simple molecule made of carbon and hydrogen that leads to a flammable gas

Answer

a flammable liquid with many branches of carbon and hydrogen atoms forming a complex molecule

Answer

a stable gas made of simple molecules containing only nitrogen atoms

Question 3

Which statement best describes this molecule?

Accepted Answer

a flammable liquid with many branches of carbon and hydrogen atoms forming a complex molecule

Answer

a stable gas made of simple molecules containing only nitrogen atoms

Answer

a simple molecule made of carbon and hydrogen that leads to a flammable gas

Question 4

Which statement best describes this molecule?

Accepted Answer

a stable gas made of simple molecules containing only nitrogen atoms

Answer

a flammable liquid with many branches of carbon and hydrogen atoms forming a complex molecule

Answer

a simple molecule made of carbon and hydrogen that leads to a flammable gas

Question 5

Which of these is a chemical property of a sheet of paper?

Accepted Answer

paper can be burned.

Answer

paper can be crumpled

Answer

paper can be colored

Answer

paper is not magnetic

Question 6

Which of these describes a physical change?

Accepted Answer

coconut oil freezes

Answer

wood burns

Answer

milk spoils

Question 7

James conducted an experiment with solutions of lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide. The pictures show what happened when James mixed the two solutions. Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

atoms in the original liquids have been rearranged.

Answer

only a physical change has taken place

Answer

filtering the solution remaining at the end of the experiment will result in the two original solutions

Question 8

James conducted an experiment with solutions of lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide. The pictures show what happened when James mixed the two solutions. Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

a new substance has formed

Answer

only a physical change has taken place

Answer

filtering the solution remaining at the end of the experiment will result in the two original solutions

Question 9

James conducted an experiment with solutions of lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide. The pictures show what happened when James mixed the two solutions. Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

a chemical reaction has taken place

Answer

only a physical change has taken place

Answer

filtering the solution remaining at the end of the experiment will result in the two original solutions

Question 10

The reaction shows the formation of an oxide of iron.
Does the reaction obey the law of conservation of mass?

Accepted Answer

yes, because there are four iron atoms and six oxygen atoms on both sides of the equation

Answer

yes, because there are the same total number of atoms on both sides of the equation

Answer

no, because there are seven atoms on the reactant side and only two atoms on the product side

Answer

no, because there are iron and oxygen atoms on the reactant side and only iron oxide atoms on the product side

Question 11

A Martian that has spent all of its life on Mars finally makes a trip to Earth. It finds it has a hard time getting around and that objects seem much heavier than on Mars. Why is this?

Accepted Answer

Mars has less mass than Earth, which gives it less gravity, so objects weigh less on Mars.

Answer

The atmosphere is thicker on Earth than on Mars, which weighs down objects more and makes it harder to move them around.

Answer

In space, objects have no weight, so the Martian lost strength while traveling, and objects seem heavier.

Answer

Mars has less mass than Earth, which gives it less gravity, so objects have less mass on Mars.

Question 12

Which statement correctly describes atoms?

Accepted Answer

Atoms combine to make all the substances on Earth.

Answer

Atoms of all substances have the same chemical properties.

Answer

Atoms come in different sizes, but most are visible using a simple hand len

Answer

Atoms are easily destroyed when matter is cooled or heated

Question 13

Think about a wooden chair and a balloon. What do these two objects always have in common?

Accepted Answer

both are made of atoms

Answer

both are made of the same number of atoms

Answer

both are made of the same kind atoms

Answer

both have the same physical properties

Question 14

Which statement best describes physical properties?

Accepted Answer

Physical properties can be observed without changing the identity of a substance.

Answer

Physical properties are observed by seeing how a substance reacts with other substances.

Answer

Physical properties cause atoms and molecules to change structure when substances are mixed.

Answer

Physical properties behave identically for all matter under the same conditions.

Question 15

A student has an object that is made of pure metal. Which property of the metal could the student use to help identify it?

Accepted Answer

density

Answer

volume

Answer

mass

Question 16

The table lists the densities of some common materials at 20°C. If a scientist has 10 grams of each material, which material has the greatest volume?

Accepted Answer

gasoline

Answer

milk

Answer

water

Answer

mercury

Question 17

Which properties describe all matter?

Accepted Answer

have mass and takes up space

Answer

found in nature

Answer

easily measured

Answer

high energy and temperature

Question 18

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a polymer used to make water pipes and other products. Polymer molecules are made of groups of atoms that repeat many times in long chains as shown in the formula. Which circle, left to right, shows the repeating group of atoms that forms PVC?

Accepted Answer

third

Answer

second

Answer

first

Answer

fourth

Question 19

Sucrose is composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. Which statement best describes the properties of sucrose?

Accepted Answer

They are different from the properties of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen

Answer

They have the exact same properties of hydrogen

Answer

They have the exact same properties of oxygen

Answer

They have the exact same properties of carbon

Question 20

These models show the arrangement of particles in two solid materials. Which statement describes a basic difference between these materials?

Accepted Answer

X is a crystal, and Y is made of separate molecules.

Answer

X is made of single atoms, and Y is made of molecules.

Answer

X is an element, and Y is a compound.

Question 21

Which state of matter has particles that move the fastest?

Accepted Answer

gas

Answer

liquid

Answer

solid

Question 22

Anita made a frozen treat to eat on a hot day by pouring juice into an ice cube tray and putting the tray in the freezer. When she took it out of the freezer a few hours later, the juice was frozen. When Anita took the tray out of the freezer, the frozen juice was made of ________________________  as before because the type of change was _____________________

Accepted Answer

the same atoms; physical

Answer

different atoms; chemical

Question 23

Jada and Brian are using a Venn diagram to organize the information they learned about solids, liquids, and gases.  What should they write where all of the states overlap at position 7?

Accepted Answer

Particles are constantly moving

Answer

Sample does not take shape of the container

Answer

Particles are spaced far apart.

Answer

Shape depends on the container

Question 24

Energy in the form of heat was applied to a beaker containing a certain substance. The particles of the substance began to move farther apart until they were arranged as shown by the arrow in the diagram. What change of state occurred to the substance in the beaker?

Accepted Answer

liquid to gas

Answer

gas to liquid

Answer

solid to liquid

Answer

liquid to solid

Question 25

Which phrase describes the changes that take place when a gas condenses?

Accepted Answer

loss of energy and decreased freedom of particle motion

Answer

gain of energy and increased freedom of particle motion

Answer

loss of energy and increased freedom of particle motion

Question 26

Which statement describes the motion of the ice particles in the ice/water bath between minutes 5 and 20?

Accepted Answer

Particle motion increases because thermal energy is being transferred to the ice.

Answer

Particle motion stays the same because temperature does not change

Answer

Particle motion decreases because thermal energy is being transferred away from the ice.

Answer

Particle motion stays the same because the ice is not completely melted yet.

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