Genetic engineering is the processof manually transferring genetic information from one organism to another. What arethe correct sequence of the processes in genetic engineering?

 In gene cloning, a bacteria cell is used to make several copies of a gene of interest. What arethe processes involved?

It refers to a small, extra-chromosomal DNA molecule within acell that is physically separated from chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently and mostcommonly found as small circular, double-stranded DNA molecules in bacteria.

One of the applications of recombinant DNA technology is crop improvement by developingtransgenic plants (genetically altered plants which contain imported genes) What type of application isinvolved here?

Geneticmodifications are not limited to plants. It can also be applied to animals. Whatare the different application of recombinant DNA technology in animals?

The introduction of recombinant DNAtechnology paved the way in developingdifferent concepts and interventions inthe field of biology. Because of the different problemsthatoccurred in the society, people began todiscover many things to lessen the problemsencountered. This is the reason why suchdevelopments were done.

What are the events of the history of life on Earth?

·       Based on theGeologic Time Scale, the time between512-488 million years ago marks which period?

Whichtime intervals are the longest? theshortest?

·       Evolution, or change over time,is the process of how present- day organisms have descendedfrom ancient ones. It is said that population changes from generation to generationover time. Why is this so?

·       Wallace andDarwin, both naturalists, observed similar patterns in other organisms andindependently conceived mechanism to explain how and why such changes couldtake place. Darwin called this natural selection. What are the principles ofNatural Selection?

What are the different mechanisms of evolution?

·       What are examples thatshow evidence of patterns of descent with modifications?

·       When male lionsreach sexual maturity, they leave their group in search of a new pride. Thiscan alter theallele frequencies of the populationthrough which of the following mechanisms?

·       Whichevolutionary force can introduce new genetic variation into a population?  

·       What could bethe reason for the alteration of butterfly wings’color?

·       In the mid-1900s, theSoviet geneticist Lysenko believed that his winter wheat plants, exposed toever-colder temperatures, would eventually give rise to ever more cold-tolerantwinter wheat. Whose evolutionary thought is in agreement to Lysenko's idea inthis regard?

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·       What are the different lines of evidences used to inferevolutionary relationships?

·       Canis familiaris is the scientific name of a dog. What do you callthe first part of thedog’s scientific name?

·       What is thecorrect sequence of taxonomic categories from the most specific to thebroadest?

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