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Higiene 1
Quiz by Jaume Puig
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âLa higiene dels aliments permet assegurar:
La qualitat dels aliments
La innocuĂŻtat dels aliments
La defensa dels aliments
âEls prerequisits permeten controlar:
Els perills especĂfics dâun procĂŠs productiu
Els perills de seguretat laboral
Els perills provinents de lâentorn de treball
La higiene dels aliments permet assegurar:
Els prerequisits permeten controlar:
La parcel¡la dâuna indĂşstria alimentĂ ria ha dâestar envoltada de:
La transformació de matèries primeres en aliments es realitza en:
Un local on sâemmagatzemi la matèria primera sâha de considerar com a:
Un local on hi hagi molt perill per a la innocuĂŻtat dels aliments ha de ser una:
Quina de les segĂźents no ĂŠs una regla bĂ sica de disseny dâuna indĂşstria alimentĂ ria:
Quin microorganisme es troba fĂ cilment en el paviment ?
Com es pot assegurar que un paviment desaigĂźi els lĂquids que sâhi han abocat ?
Com han de ser les unions entre paviments i parets ?
LOS MODELOS DEMOGRĂFICOS: LA TRANSICIĂN DEMOCRĂFICA. Para explicar la evoluciĂłn de la poblaciĂłn a lo largo de la historia, los geĂłgrafos han recurrido a diversos modelos. El mĂĄs aceptado es el modelo de la transiciĂłn demogrĂĄfica. Este modelo demogrĂĄfico diferencia varias etapas: 1. Etapa inicial o preindustrial. Se caracteriza por una natalidad y una mortalidad muy elevadas, que limitan notablemente el crecimiento de la poblaciĂłn. AdemĂĄs, la esperanza de vida es baja, en torno a 30 aĂąos, y la mortalidad infantil muy alta, por lo que es necesario tener un gran nĂşmero de hijos. Es el perĂodo de las pestes, hambrunas y guerras, una etapa que caracterizĂł a toda la humanidad hasta finales del siglo xvi o principios del xvi. 2. Etapa de transiciĂłn: Se caracteriza por el desequilibrio entre natalidad y mortalidad, lo que provoca un rĂĄpido crecimiento de la poblaciĂłn. La esperanza de vida aumenta tambiĂŠn de forma considerable. Se suele dividir en tres momentos diferenciados: * Fase inicial: desaparece la mortalidad catastrĂłfica y la mortalidad infantil disminuye por mejoras en alimentaciĂłn, higiene, avances mĂŠdicos, etc. Las tasas de natalidad se mantienen elevadas. * Fase intermedia: la mortalidad desciende rĂĄpidamente y la natalidad sigue siendo alta, lo que origina un excedente de nacimientos sobre los fallecimientos. En esta fase se produce la verdadera explosiĂłn demogrĂĄfica. * Fase final: la mortalidad desciende a un ritmo mĂĄs lento, mientras que la natalidad cae rĂĄpidamente, lo que se traduce en un crecimiento reducido. 3. Etapa moderna. En esta etapa, la natalidad y la mortalidad permanecen en equilibrio generando un crecimiento muy bajo, como en la etapa preindustrial. La natalidad se mantiene baja debido al continuo incremento del nivel de vida, a la extensiĂłn de la educaciĂłn y a las transformaciones econĂłmicas y sociales que han tenido lugar. La mortalidad, por su parte, tambiĂŠn se mantiene baja. Tan solo en algunos paĂses industrializados, con una elevada esperanza de vida, esta repunta debido al envejecimiento de su poblaciĂłn. 4. RegresiĂłn demogrĂĄfica. El progresivo envejecimiento de la poblaciĂłn lleva a una cuarta etapa de ÂŤregresiĂłn demogrĂĄficaÂť, de la que solo se puede salir aumentando los efectivos de la poblaciĂłn joven inmigrante.PERSONAL HYGIENE 101-PRIDE TIME10 minute trainings - Personal Hygiene CACHE level 1 childcare CFC20- food groups, balanced diet, healthy food for children, dietary requirements, allergies, hygiene1. What is the primary reason to follow manufacturer instructions when using kitchen equipment? Safety 2. What is the key element to ensure when cleaning equipment before use? Hygiene 3. What is the most common cooking method for pasta? Boiling 4. What cooking method uses high heat and fat to brown food? Frying 5. Which cooking method uses steam for a gentler cooking process? Steaming 6. What must be checked before using any kitchen equipment? Condition 7. What is used to prevent food from sticking during baking? Grease 8. What cooking method is typically used for making soups and stocks? Simmering 9. Which item is used to protect hands from burns in the kitchen? Gloves 10. What method involves cooking food slowly in a liquid just below boiling point? Poaching 1. What type of bread is commonly used for cheesy toast? Sourdough 2. What appliance is often used to melt cheese on toast? Grill 3. What type of cheese is most popular for cheesy toast? Cheddar 4. What kitchen tool spreads butter on bread? Knife 5. What seasoning adds a spicy kick to cheesy toast? Pepper 6. What ingredient is spread on bread before adding cheese? Butter 7. What texture should the cheese have after cooking? Melted 8. What color does cheese turn when perfectly toasted? Golden 9. What utensil is used to safely remove hot toast from the grill? Tongs 10. What common herb can be sprinkled on top for garnish? ParsleyHealth 11/12 Review for Final Exam Core Concepts - Mental and Emotional Health, Substance Abuse Prevention, Safety and Violence Prevention, Family Life and Human Sexuality, Disease Prevention and Control, Healthy Eating Health Education Skills - goal setting, decision making, accessing information/resources, analyzing influences, communication, self-management, advocacy DIMENSIONS of Wellness - social, spiritual, emotional/mental, environmental, financial, intellectual, multicultural, occupational, physical, sexual RISK factors - anything that increases the risk of disease, injury, or illness. PROTECTIVE factors - anything that decreases the risk of disease, injury, or illness. INTERNAL health factors - health factors that can be either hereditary and genetic or acquired elements -- include smoking and personal diet or eating habits. Example â a genetic predisposition to an illness. EXTERNAL health factors - health factors that are part of the direct outer environment, the geographical location, micro-organisms, socio-economic elements that could affect an individual's health. Example â being unable to afford mental health services. Unit 1- Managing Personal and Community Wellness Explain Maslowâs Hierarchy of Needs in your own words using the image provided. Explain how each Social Determinant of Health may impact a personâs health. Levels of Disease Prevention ⢠PRIMARY The goal is to avoid conditions altogether. ⢠SECONDARY The goal is early detection. ⢠TERTIARY The goal is to minimize the damage (manage). Define the following terms. Fads/Trends Sleep hygiene Driver safety Unit 2- Investigating Social Ecological Factors on Well-Being Socio-Ecological Model â The SEM examines how health behaviors form based on characteristics of individuals, communities, nations and levels in between. Each level overlaps with other levels signifying how the best public health strategies are those that encompass and target a wide range of perspectives. Interpersonal (personal) health vs. intrapersonal (relationship) health Health INEQUITY - systemic, ingrained and unjust barriers that prevent segments of the population from having the opportunity of health leading to health disparity. IMPLICIT BIAS - a form of bias that occurs automatically and unintentionally, that nevertheless affects judgments, decisions, and behaviors. Research has shown implicit bias can contribute to unequal access to quality healthcare, negative patient-provider relationships and interactions; and create mistrust in the healthcare system and practitioners among patients. This can contribute to health disparities. Health DISPARITY - represents a difference in health between populations. It is often used to describe disease burden and other negative health outcomes socially disadvantaged groups may face. Health EQUITY - The opposite of health inequity. It describes a system that supports a high standard of health and healthcare for all people. Racism - Beliefs, attitudes, institutional arrangements, and acts that tend to denigrate individuals or groups because of phenotypic characteristics or ethnic group affiliation. DISCRIMINATION - An unjust differential treatment of a person or a group. PRIVILEGE- The unearned access to resources and social power that are only available to some because of their membership within certain social groups. OPPRESSION is the act of taking away choices from others and can be defined as a system that maintains advantage and disadvantage based on social identities and that acts on multiple levels from interpersonal to institutional and societal. (internalized, interpersonal, institutional, structural) Systematic Oppression - Intentional disadvantage of groups of people based on their identity while advantaging members of dominant group (race, gender, sexual orientation, language, size, ability, etc.). Intersectionality - The complex, cumulative way in which the effects of multiple forms of discrimination (such as racism, sexism, and classism) combine, overlap, or intersect especially in the experiences of marginalized individuals or groups Unit 3- Accessing Resources and Communicating to Support Mental and Emotional Health What is anger? What is anxiety? What is stress? STRESSORS are the things that cause stress. Stressors can be internal and external. A stressor may be a one-time or short-term occurrence, or it can happen repeatedly over a long time. INTERNAL Stressors - are made by your belief system and the way you evaluate yourself. Examples include pessimistic attitude, negative self-talk, deep need to be perfect, low self-esteem or body image, unhealthy standards for self. EXTERNAL Stressors - are stressful things that happen in your surroundings and/or in your environment. Examples include busy schedules, work problems, family issues, financial trouble, social problems, injury, unforeseen circumstances. Socio-economic issues are also a part of external stressors such as poverty, violence, and racism. Define the following mental health conditions. Depression Eating disorders NSSI Non-suicidal self-injury Grief/Loss Suicide prevention A.C.T. ⢠ACKNOWLEDGE- Tell them in a caring way that you recognize that they are having a problem ⢠CARE- You can show you care by actively listening - put away anything else you are doing, make eye contact, sit down, ask questions. ⢠TELL-(call 988 for additional help and support) - Tell them it is important that they speak with a trusted adult. Help them figure out who this may be and offer to go with your friend. A social norm is an unwritten, informal rule meant to guide behavior among the of society. It distinguishes between acceptable and unacceptable, good and bad, and so on. Social norms can influence a person with emotional or mental health disorders, access to care and stigmatize their situation. STIGMA- a mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person. ⢠Self-stigma - This describes the internalized stigma that people with mental health conditions feel about themselves. ⢠Public stigma - This refers to the negative attitudes around mental health from people in society. ⢠Institutional stigma - This is a type of systemic stigma that arises from corporations, governments, and other institutions. Unit 4- Evaluating Risks of Substance Use and Abuse Harm Reduction - a set of practical strategies and ideas aimed at reducing negative consequences associated with drug use. Explain how each level of the Social Ecological Model is impacted by addiction. Individual Relationship Community Society SEM Level Contributing/Risk Factors to substance use Preventative/Protective Factors for substance use Individual Interpersonal/Relationship Community Society Unit 5- Analyzing Influences to Examine Ways to Increase Safety and Reduce Violence HATE CRIME - a crime, usually violent, motivated by prejudice or intolerance toward an individualâs national origin, ethnicity, color, religion, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, or disability. Explain how the media influences violence in society. The Pyramid of Hate Explain the escalation of hate using the Pyramid of Hate visual. List several hate crime motivators. Example: age HEALTHY Relationship Signs - comfortable pace, trust, honesty, independence, respect, equality, kindness, taking responsibility, healthy conflict, fun UNHEALTHY Relationship Signs - intensity, possessiveness, manipulation, isolation, sabotage, belittling, guilting, volatility, deflecting responsibility, betrayal Sexual Assault is a sexual behavior WITHOUT consent. Human trafficking - the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for labor or services, using force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery. Sex trafficking - commercial sex act induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such an act has not attained 18 years of age. Trafficking happens using⌠⢠Force - using violence to control someone. ⢠Fraud - using lies to control someone. ⢠Coercion - using threats to control someone. Unit 6- Family Life and Human Sexuality Agency - A belief about yourself and the extent to which you can act on that belief. ⢠The ability to choose freely oneâs own narrative. ⢠To embrace the idea that I am the cause (or agent) of my own thoughts and actions. ⢠Personal agency is a personal responsibility for who we are, what we experience, what we do about that experience, and how we shape our world to give us more of the experiences we want. SEXUAL Agency ⢠The ability to choose your own interests and desires vs. what we see in the media or othersâ perceptions ⢠The ability to identify, communicate, and negotiate oneâs sexual needs ⢠The ability to initiate behaviors that allow for the satisfaction of those needs Sexually Explicit Material - photographs, videos, films, magazines, and books whose primary themes, topics, or depictions involve sexuality that may cause sexual arousal. Sexual scripts - thoughts, patterns, or behavior that a person has about themselves in a romantic or sexual context. It is how people picture themselves or want to project themselves in front of others. Reproductive Rights of Teens - In Maryland, teens have the right to an abortion, keep their child, obtain and use birth control, paternity tests, adoption, give up custody of their child within 10 days of birth (Safe Haven Law). ⢠REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS- legal rights and the freedom of the individual to control decisions regarding contraception, abortion, sterilization and childbirth. ⢠SAFE HAVEN LAW- a distressed parent who is unable or unwilling to care for their infant can safely give up custody of their baby, no questions asked. CONSENT is an agreement between participants to engage in sexual activity. ⢠It is clearly and freely communicated, verbal, and affirmative. Consent CANNOT be given if⌠⢠A person is underage, one or both partners is intoxicated or incapacitated by drugs or alcohol, one partner is asleep or unconscious, one partner feels pressured, threatened or intimidated, or one partner holds a position of power or authority over the other. Unit 7- Advocating for Enhanced Nutrition, Food Systems, and Health Outcomes Dietary Guidelines for Americans Guideline 1: Follow a Healthy Dietary Pattern at Every Life Stage Guideline 2: Customize and Enjoy Food and Beverage Choices to Reflect Personal Preferences, Cultural Traditions, and Budgetary Considerations Guideline 3: Focus on Meeting Food Group Needs with Nutrient-Dense Foods and Beverages, and Stay Within Calorie Limits Guideline 4: Limit Foods and Beverages Higher in Added Sugars, Saturated Fat, and Sodium, and Limit Alcoholic Beverages FOOD DESERT- a neighborhood where there is little or limited access to healthy and affordable food such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat milk and other foods that make up the full range of a healthy diet. FOOD INSEQURITY lack of access to a sufficient amount of food because of limited funds. More than 49 million American households are considered food insecure and are vulnerable to poor health as a result. PROCCESED FOODS- any raw agricultural commodities that have been washed, cleaned, milled, cut, chopped, heated, pasteurized, blanched, cooked, canned, frozen, dried, dehydrated, mixed or packaged â anything done to them that alters their natural state.Slide 1 Growing Up in the 21st Century: Challenges and Opportunities Slide 2 Introduction: What Does It Mean to Grow Up? ⢠Growing up: The process of maturing physically, mentally, and emotionally ⢠Transition from childhood to adulthood ⢠Unique challenges and opportunities in the 21st century ⢠Importance of mental growth alongside physical development Slide 3 The Journey of Self-Discovery ⢠Exploring personal identity ⢠Understanding values and beliefs ⢠Developing a sense of purpose ⢠Embracing individuality while finding community Slide 4 Mental Growth: A Key Aspect of Maturity ⢠Emotional intelligence and self-awareness ⢠Critical thinking and problem-solving skills ⢠Adaptability and resilience ⢠Importance of continuous learning and personal development Slide 5 Challenges of Growing Up in the Digital Age ⢠Information overload and digital literacy ⢠Social media pressure and online identity ⢠Cyberbullying and online safety ⢠Balancing screen time with real-life experiences Slide 6 21st Century Skills for Success ⢠Technological proficiency ⢠Communication and collaboration ⢠Creativity and innovation ⢠Global awareness and cultural competence Slide 7 Navigating Relationships in a Connected World ⢠Building and maintaining friendships ⢠Romantic relationships in the digital era ⢠Family dynamics and independence ⢠Professional networking and mentorship Slide 8 Education and Career Pathways ⢠Evolving job market and emerging industries ⢠Importance of lifelong learning ⢠Balancing academic success with practical skills ⢠Exploring unconventional career paths Slide 9 Financial Literacy and Independence ⢠Understanding personal finance ⢠Budgeting and saving strategies ⢠Student loans and debt management ⢠Investing for the future Slide 10 Mental Health and Well-being ⢠Recognizing and managing stress ⢠Importance of self-care and work-life balance ⢠Seeking help and support when needed ⢠Destigmatizing mental health issues Slide 11 Physical Health in a Changing World ⢠Importance of regular exercise ⢠Nutrition and healthy eating habits ⢠Sleep hygiene and its impact on well-being ⢠Avoiding harmful substances and addictive behaviors Slide 12 Environmental Awareness and Sustainability ⢠Understanding climate change and its impacts ⢠Developing eco-friendly habits ⢠Participating in community environmental initiatives ⢠Sustainable career opportunities Slide 13 Civic Engagement and Social Responsibility ⢠Understanding political systems and processes ⢠Importance of voting and civic participation ⢠Volunteering and community service ⢠Advocating for social justice and equality Slide 14 Cultural Competence in a Global Society ⢠Appreciating diversity and inclusion ⢠Developing intercultural communication skills ⢠Opportunities for travel and cultural exchange ⢠Embracing multilingualism Slide 15 Time Management and Productivity ⢠Setting goals and priorities ⢠Effective study and work habits ⢠Balancing academics, extracurriculars, and personal life ⢠Avoiding procrastination and developing discipline Slide 16 Dealing with Failure and Setbacks ⢠Reframing failure as a learning opportunity ⢠Building resilience and grit ⢠Developing a growth mindset ⢠Seeking feedback and continuous improvement Slide 17 Technology and Ethics ⢠Understanding digital footprint and online reputation ⢠Responsible use of social media and technology ⢠Privacy concerns and data protection ⢠Ethical considerations in a tech-driven world7.015 Hand Hygiene: Practice observation of hand hygiene compliance via the use of a hand hygiene survey tool to be reviewed quarterly at the QAPI committee. (Chapter 10.14 Handwashing & Surgical Antisepsis) Continue infection control education through ongoing orientation to center staff routinely and annual mandatory in-service. Continue to promote hand hygiene awareness for patients and staff by means of educational materials placed throughout the center which references the CDC/WHO guidelines. Needle-stick Injuries: (Refer to Exposure Control Plan) Use of designated safety engineered needles for injections (safety glide needles for injection and autoguard IV catheters) and blood draw. New employee and annual clinical competency for injections will be provided to all staff. The staff will be trained yearly on OSHA, blood borne pathogens and PPE. 7.016 Hand Hygiene Quality in the ASCs: based on AORN (Association of periOperative Registered Nurses) Standards and guidelines Policy: All ASC staff, including physicians, nurses, and other healthcare workers, are required to perform hand hygiene before and after any direct contact with patients, before and after any procedure, and after any contact with potentially contaminated items or surfaces. Hand hygiene must be performed using either an alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water. The alcohol-based hand rub must contain at least 60% alcohol. Staff members must ensure that their hands are free of debris and visible dirt before performing hand hygiene. Hand hygiene must be performed for a minimum of 20 seconds, and hands must be dried thoroughly after washing. Staff members must be trained on proper hand hygiene techniques and will be educated on a regular basis to ensure compliance with this policy. All staff members must comply with this policy and demonstrate compliance during inspections by ASC management and regulatory agencies. Any staff member who fails to comply with this policy will be subject to disciplinary action. ASC management will monitor compliance with this policy through regular inspections and audits and will take appropriate action to address any noncompliance issues. The ASC will maintain records of staff compliance with this policy as part of its infection control program. The ASC will review and update this policy on an annual basis or more frequently as needed to ensure that it remains current with the latest guidelines and standards for hand hygiene quality.