Jackson, Clay, Adams, and Crawford all ran. The House of Reps chose Adams because Henry Clay had supported him. After Adams became President, he appointed Henry Clay as his Secretary of State. This was seen as a corrupt bargain by Andrew Jackson

The new Democratic party generally championed the principles of equal opportunity, absolute political freedom (for white males), glorification of the "common man," and limited government.

A system of public employment based on rewarding party loyalists and friends.

A sectional dispute during the presidency of Andrew Jackson created by the Ordinance, an attempt by the state of South Carolina to nullify a federal law - the tariff of 1828 - passed by the United States Congress.

This  authorized President Jackson to use the army and navy to collect duties on the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832. South Carolina's ordinance of nullification had declared these tariffs null and void, and South Carolina would not collect duties on them.

Supreme Court Decision - Cherokee Indians were entitled to federal protection from the actions of state governments which would infringe on the tribe's sovereignty - Jackson ignored it

the forced removal of Cherokees and their relocation to Oklahoma

Movement to end slavery

the right to vote

A religious revival in the United States. Showed growing social and regional differences in the US.

A leading evangelist of the Second Great Awakening, he preached that each person had capacity for spiritual rebirth and salvation and that through individual effort could be saved.

Rejected the emotionalism of revivals, stressed reason and logic. Wealthy and educated drawn to this belief system.

A philosophy pioneered by Ralph Waldo Emerson in the 1830's and 1840's, in which each person has direct communication with God and Nature, and there is no need for organized churches.

American transcendentalist who was against a government that supported slavery. He wrote down his beliefs in Walden. He started the movement of civil-disobedience when he refused to pay the toll-tax to support him Mexican War.

Attention paid to rehabilitating prisoners, mentally ill, paupers through improved conditions and treatments. Work was done to petition state legislatures to build mental hospitals to separate the mentally ill from prisoners.

1805-1879. Prominent American abolitionist, journalist and social reformer. Editor of radical abolitionist newspaper "The Liberator", and one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society.

United States abolitionist who escaped from slavery and became an influential writer and lecturer in the North (1817-1895)

Slave in Virginia who started a slave rebellion in 1831 believing he was receiving signs from God His rebellion was the largest sign of black resistance to slavery in America and led the state legislature of Virginia to a policy that said no one could question slavery.

the ideal woman was seen as a tender, self-sacrificing caregiver who provided a nest for her children and a peaceful refuge for her husband, social customs that restricted women to caring for the house

An organized campaign to eliminate alcohol consumption

(1848) the first national women's rights convention at which the Declaration of Sentiments was written

(1815-1902) A suffragette who, with Lucretia Mott, organized the first convention on women's rights, held in Seneca Falls, New York in 1848. Issued the Declaration of Sentiments which declared men and women to be equal and demanded the right to vote for women. Co-founded the National Women's Suffrage Association with Susan B. Anthony in 1869.