99%of bacteria causes disease.

When did we first know that bacteria cause disease?

The true definition of a microorganism is ________________.

Which of the following are not from the four major groups of microorganisms?

Which of the following is an interdisciplinary science of microbiology?

Which of the following interdisciplinary sciences studies the structure of cells?

Which of the following interdisciplinary sciences studies the chemical makeup of living organisms?

Which of the following interdisciplinary sciences studies the chemical response generated by an organism by the presence of another organism?

Which of the following interdisciplinary sciences studies the comparison of the genetic information compared to each other?

Which of the following interdisciplinary sciences studies the application of technology on living organisms?

Can any microorganisms survive in extreme environments such as volcano area, boiling springs, etc.

Which of the following are true about why study microorganisms?

Ring around the rosies: the childhood song is made from the symptoms of the spread progression of disease. We didn’t understand these were caused by microbes until the mid-1800s.

How many deaths per year can be attributed to infectious microbes?

Which infectious disease is the leading cause of death per year?

Which of the following is an acute respiratory disease?

Influenza, SARS, Rhinovirus, Pneumonia are all acute respiratory illnesses. 

What is the second leading cause of death due to microbes?

Which organization is responsible for tracking deaths from infectious diseases.

Define Etiology briefly:

Define Epidemiology briefly:

Define Incidence briefly:

Define Prevalence briefly:

Define Morbidity briefly:

Define Mortality briefly:

Which of the following is being described: Affect a large number of individuals within a localized area.

The word contagion was defined as an infection that passes from one thing to another in 1546 by which naturalist (Scientist)?

What is the difference between the dark ages and the golden age?

Who invented the microscope?

Who is often recognized as the father of microbiology?

What is Robert Hooke known for?

Who is Anton von Leeuwenhoek?

What name was given to scientists during the dark ages?

What is spontaneous generation?

Who was the first person documented to use a control group whereby one sample is tampered with and observed against a sample that was not tampered with?

In ~1668, this person was known for using a controlled experiment to disprove spontaneous generation. He watched the entire process of formation of flies, from them laying eggs, to turning to maggots and then growing into flies. 

Even though Francesco Redi had disproven spontaneous generation, it still remained the most popular theory.

Almost 100 years later in 1748 after ______________ had disproven spontaneous generation, ________________ conducted an experiment to prove that spontaneous generation did in fact exist. 

To prove spontaneous generation, this person took two flasks with mutton broth and attempted to grow bacteria in both, except one would be plugged with cotton as the seal against bacteria entering. Because cotton is such a poor seal for the flask, both broths became cloudy with bacteria. Who was this person in the 1700s.

Francesco Redi believed that spontaneous generation did not exist, and so ___________________ in 1767 wanted to prove Redi correct by conducting John Needham's experiment (1748) and use a better seal against the external environment, wax seal. This experiment proved to be a success and there was no grown observed in the sealed flask. However, the community still did not put the debate to rest because they believed that the wax kept out "the vital source of life." During this time spirits were a strong belief.

Who was the person to finally put an end to the spontaneous generation debate?

Which experiment did Louis Pasteur perform in the 1800s?

During the 1800s what was the prevalent belief of what causes disease?

The ____________theory originated because of crowded cities such as London where rooms would be as crowded as 30people. When they needed to defecate, they would use cesspools which needed to be emptied by landlord. The issue was that not all landlords would pay to have it done and the ______________ would spread through the city buildings and the city themselves as excess feces would be tossed outside onto the streets.

Who disproved the Miasma Theory? He is widely recognized as the first epidemiologist because he looked at the outbreaks and followed it to its source and because he would end up finding a definitive source (the water supply) this would disprove miasma. He did this by taking a map and plotting all the homes that were affected by Cholera. (Epidemic)

There was a physician who once questioned why mothers would die from infections noted by a fever during childbirth (puerperal). He would go on to theorize that the infection was spread from cadaver to patient after the doctor would spend his day training on cadavers and no disinfecting his hands. This doctor would suggest using chlorine to disinfect the hands but would instead be met with ridicule and banning from practicing medicine.

Lister was known for suggesting that surgical equipment should be sterilized.

This physician is credited with being the first person to vaccinate his patient in the late 1700s/early 1800s.

What disease was Edward Jenner vaccinating against?

The ________ theory is the theory that microorganisms causes disease.

Who discovered the germ theory?

What period is considered the golden age of microbiology?

This chemist was consulted to figure out why some of the government’s wine was going sour. In his observation under the microscope, he observed one had just yeast (the sweet wine) and the other had string like organisms which were bacteria. He proposed to the government to first boil the wine until all microorganisms are lost and then reintroduce just the yeast back into the boiled wine at the end of the process.

By the end of Louis Pasteur's life, he lost all three of his daughters to bacterial infection, 2 of Typhus. Although he was persistent to isolating the bacteria that caused the death of his daughters, he was unsuccessful. In that search however, which two diseases did he develop a vaccine for these instead?

Which of the following is not part of Robert Koch's 4 postulates?

This person developed a pure culture technique allowing him to be the first known person to routinely isolate colonies. This was accomplished using agar agar for the first time. The agar agar allowed him to take a sample from a dead sheep and grow the “soup of bacteria” from the area swabbed then differentiate them after growth on the agar agar by physical appearance.

Robert Koch was tasked by the German government to move from the city and into the countryside in ordered to study which particular bacteria?

Robert Koch was responsible for the discovery ofwhich vaccine?

Not long after in the search of diseased caused by microorganisms, insects were found to also transmit disease. Match the disease with the person who discovered the insect as a vector for disease transmission:

Arrange the scientists in order of significant findings.