A federal outpost in Charleston, South Carolina, that was attacked by the Confederates in April 1861, sparking the Civil War.

the first major battle of the Civil War, resulting in a Confederate victory; showed that the Civil War would not be won easily.

a series of Civil War battles in which Confederate army successes forced the Union army to retreat from Richmond, Virginia, the Confederate capital.

a Civil War battle in which the Confederate army forced most of the Union army out of Virginia.

a Union victory in the Civil War that marked the bloodiest single-day battle in U.S. military history.

a Civil War battle in Tennessee in which the Union army gained greater control over the Mississippi River valley.

the Union army's six-week blockade of Vicksburg that led the city to surrender during the Civil War.

an order issued by President Abraham Lincoln freeing the slaves in areas rebelling against the Union; took effect January 1, 1863.

a Union Civil War victory that turned the tide against the Confederates at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

a failed confederate attack during the Civil War led by general George Pickett at the Battle of Gettysburg.

a speech given by Abraham Lincoln in which he praised the bravery of Union soldiers and renewed his commitment to winning the Civil War.

a series of battles between Union and Confederate forces in northern and central Virginia that delayed the Union capture of Richmond.

the location where General Robert E. Lee was forced to surrender, thus ending the Civil War.

Union general who planned to block southern ports and take control of the Mississippi River.

Confederate general whose men stopped Union assault during the Battle of Bull Run. Killed by his own men.

Union General who failed to press his advantage at the Battle of Antietam, and was later relieved of his command by President Lincoln.

Confederate general who employed risky and unpredictable tactics to keep the Union off-guard. Had to surrender to the Union, ending the Civil War.

Union General who forced the surrender of Vicksburg and became general in chief of all Union armies he forced lee to fight a series of decisive battles which led to the Confederate surrender.

Union Naval Commander who captured New Orleans, the South's largest city, and the center of its cotton trade.

Union unit consisting of free African-Americans.

Midwesterners that sympathized with the South and opposed abolition.

the "Angel of the Battlefield" and the founder of the American Red Cross.

Confederate General who led the bold but ill-fated charge against union forces at Gettysburg.

Union general, practiced total war as he marched through and conquered Georgia.

Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri; slave states that lay between the North and the South and did not join the Confederacy during the Civil War.

Confederate efforts to use the importance of southern cotton to Britain's textile industry to persuade the British to support the Confederacy in the Civil War.

Freeing of the slaves.

an escaped slave who joined the Union army during the Civil War.

The Constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment.

a type of war in which an army destroys its opponent's ability to fight by targeting civilian and economic as well as military resources.