Which of the following is NOT diagnosed through clinical diagnosis?

A patient presents with the clinical signs of NUG. Since you know its caused by anaerobic bacteria, your first approach in treatment would most likely be:

This variant of normal is observed on the buccal mucosa as a grey-white film that gives a generalized opalescence to the mucosa. If the mucosa is stretched, the opalescence becomes less prominent. It is found most commonly in black individuals. You suspect:

Exposing a radiograph indicating a radiolucent area that appears to scallop around the roots may be helpful in diagnosing which cyst:

A radicular cyst, is a true cyst that is usually found at the apex of the root of a non-vital tooth. It is the most commonly occurring cyst in the oral region. If the offending tooth is extracted and the radicular cyst is left behind, the cyst is then referred to as a ______ cyst.

This genetic condition affects the enamel of the deciduous and permanent dentitions. All teeth are affected. It is commonly observed clinically as pitted and malformed enamel, although there are several other clinical forms. Radiographically, the enamel is thinner than normal or absent. You suspect:

When an antifungal ointment or cream is used to treat angular cheilitis, which one of the following diagnostic categories is being used?

The injury is minimal and brief and the source of injury is removed from the tissue. This describes what type of inflammation?

The first microscopic event of the inflammatory response is a brief, immediate reflex constriction of the microcirculation in the area of the injury. This is followed, within seconds, by a dilation of the same small blood vessels. _________ is the dilation of microcirculation increases blood flow, called into capillary beds in injured tissue which leads to erythema and heat in the area. While the increase of blood flow to capillary beds is increasing, the vessels become "leaky" causing _______, plasma fluid with low protein content, to pass into the tissue. The loss of fluid in the vessels causes increased blood viscosity. As the blood flow slows down, red blood cells begin to pile up in the center of the blood vessels, white blood cells are displaced to the periphery of the vessels, this is called ________. WBC's that have moved toward the periphery now begin to stick to the walls of the injured blood vessels, this is called _________. WBC's now begin to escape the vessel through the openings between endothelial cells into the tissue in a process called _________. Choose the response that places the steps of the inflammatory response in the proper order:

The initial response of the body to injury is:

Which one of the following is NOT considered a local sign of inflammation?

The most significant oral manifestation is Sjogren Syndrome is:

The neutrophil is the cell that:

During the inflammatory process, the second cell to emigrate from the blood vessel into the injured tissue is:

In this type of healing, the clean edges of the incision are brought together, there is a small clot and very little granulation tissue forms:

Healing by secondary intention occurs when:

An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ is termed:

Traumatic ulcers are usually diagnosed based on the:

The immune system usually defends the body against foreign substances that are called _______, measurement of a specific antibody level in the blood is called ________:

In which type of the immunopathologic disease are the cells of the body no longer tolerated and the immune system treats them as antigens?

A sialolith is:

What type of lymphocyte matures in the thymus, produces lymphokines and although it is involved with cell-mediated immunity, can affect the humoral immune response?

After the extraction of a tooth, usually, a third molar, if the blood clot breaks down and is lost before healing takes place a very painful condition (often referred to as dry socket) where the bone is exposed results called:

Which of the following is a protein molecule that is produced by plasma cells and is also called an immunoglobulin?

In which type of immune response do B-cell lymphocytes and antibodies play the predominant role?

Which of the following is a condition that involves a deficiency in number, function, or interrelationships of the involved white blood cells and their products?

What is the most common precipitating factor in the development of aphthous ulcers?

Memory is an important function of the immune system because it:

Immunization with a vaccine works by:

Which statement is correct when applied to natural killer cells?

This type of hypersensitivity, plasma cells produce IgE as a response to an allergen. The newly produced IgE binds to mast cells located in tissue, causing them to release their granules containing histamine, a potent biochemical mediator of inflammation. This can result in mild allergic reactions to anaphylaxis.

This type of hypersensitivity is also described as cytotoxic type hypersensitivity. The antibody combines with an antigen that is bound to the surface of tissue cells, usually circulating red blood cells. Activated complement components as well as both IgG and IgM antibodies in blood participate in a reaction that results in destruction of the tissue that has the antigen on its surface. This reaction occurs I incompatible blood transfusions and in rhesus (Rh) incompatibility.

This type of hypersensitivity is also called cell-mediated due to its use of T-cell lymphocytes. This type of reaction is also called delayed hypersensitivity and is used when diagnosing tuberculosis and may be responsible for rejection of tissue grafts and transplanted organs.

This condition is a benign condition of unknown cause. The condition may have a genetic connection, it is thought to be exacerbated by stress. Histologically it shares findings that are the same as psoriasis. Clinically, the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the tongue exhibit diffuse areas devoid of filiform papillae with what appear to be erythematous patches. The condition does not remain static, it migrates around tongue.

This condition is a benign condition of unknown cause that research has suggested may be associated with chronic fungal infection by Candida albicans. Clinically, a flat or slightly raised oval or rectangular erythematous area in the midline of the dorsal surface of the tongue, beginning at the junction of the anterior and middle thirds and extending posterior to the circumvallate papillae. This area is devoid of filiform papillae, giving a smooth texture.