Tonsilitis and pharyngitis are caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. These conditions are significant because of their relationship to scarlet fever and rheumatic fever. Which one of the following may be related to HEART VALVE DAMAGE?

This disease is caused by spirochete Treponema pallidum In its primary form it causes an oral lesion called a chancre, in its congenital form it may cause a specific form of enamel hypoplasia called mulberry molars and Hutchinson's incisors.

This fungal infection's most characteristic form causes the formation of abscesses that tend to drain from the mandible to the skin by the formation of sinus tracts, with SULFUR GRANULES in the pus draining from the sinus tracts:

This condition appears clinically as inflammation of the mucosa around the crown of a partially erupted tooth, particularly a third molar. Met by bacterial infection; proliterate into the pocket between the soft-tissue and crown of tooth:

The gingiva is painful and erythematous. Caused by fusiform bacillus and a spirochete (Borrelia vincentii) and is associated with decreased host resistance to infection. Interdental papillae punched-out, NECROTIC, cratered areas; foul odor and metallic taste

Bacterial infection involving acute inflammation of the bone and bone marrow caused by staph aureus. When in jaws, it is most commonly a result of an extension of a periapical abscess. It may follow fracture of the bone or surgery and may also result from bacteremia and lead to sepsis.

Bacterial infection - primary infection of the lungs from inhaled bacteria and spreads to the oral cavity via sputum from the lungs. Use a Purified Protein Derivative to test. Positive result shows when an inflammatory lesion forms on the skin 48 hours after injection. Result of Type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction. Tx is isoniazid and rifampin.

This condition is characterized by painful, erythematous and swollen gingiva with multiple TINY VESICLES on mucocutaneous junction. The vesicles progress to form ulcers and the patient exhibits systemic symptoms such as fever, malaise, and cervical lymphadenopathy. It most commonly occurs in children between 6 months and 6 years of age.

There are currently 130 different types (35 in the oral mucosa) of this viral infection that affect skin and oral mucosa. Some forms can cause neoplasia and are considered high-risk, other forms cause low-risk benign lesions. The virus enters non-intact skin or mucosa and infects the basal cells of the epithelium.

All of the following are benign lesions associated with HPV infection EXCEPT:

When testing for HIV infection, which of the following antibody tests is performed initially, and repeated if initial test was positive, prior to performing the confirmatory Western Blot Test?

All the following oral lesions that may develop in a patient with HIV or AIDs. The oral lesions that occur, develop bc of the deficiency in cell-mediated immunity and the deregulation of immunologic responses that occurs when the T-helper cells become depleted. All are oral lesions that can be found in patients with HIV/AIDs EXCEPT:

Enamel hypoplasia is the incomplete or defective formation of enamel, resulting in the alteration of tooth form or color. Hypoplasia is defined as the incomplete development of an organ or tissue. It results from a disturbance of or damage to ameloblasts during enamel matrix formation and can affect either deciduous or permanent dentition. All of the following are forms of enamel hypoplasia EXCEPT:

The optimal fluoridation in drinking water is___________.

This is the MOST COMMON cyst observed in the oral cavity and is caused by pulpal inflammation most commonly caused by caries. It develops from a preexisting periapical granuloma found at the apex of a NON-VITAL tooth:

This nonodontogenic cyst is a well-defined PEAR-SHAPED radiolucency found between the roots of the maxillary lateral incisor and canine

According to Lyon hypothesis, during the early period of embryonic development, the:

Which of the following is the MOST SERIOUS COMPONENT of Gardner Syndrome?

Characterized by marked destruction of the periodontal tissues of both dentitions with premature loss of teeth, usually by 14, the hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles of feet. Additionally, the peripheral blood neutrophil count, possibly due to defection chemotaxis, is depressed in all patients:

Trisomy 21

All of the following are characteristics of Trisomy 13 EXCEPT:

Condition is characterized by cycles/intervals that usually occur in intervals of 2-3 weeks and episodes persist for 2-3 days. The DH must determine at what point in the interval the patient is prior to initiating tx to reduce the risk of complications such as gingival hemorrhage and secondary infection due to a decreased number of circulating neutrophils:

This condition demonstrates a decrease in serum alkaline phosphatase level and the absence of root cementum which leads to premature exfoliation of teeth:

Can be present at birth or develop around puberty. Clinically is characterized by a white, corrugated, soft, folding oral mucosa. The buccal mucosa is always affected and in most patients the lesions are bilateral. A thick layer of keratin, which can desquamate, leaves a raw mucosal surface which produces the whitening:

Which of the following is true for Neurofibromatosis of von Recklinghausen disease?

The condition has 4 types. It is difficult to differentiate between the types due to their similarities. It encompasses a complicated group of conditions that demonstrate developmental alterations in the structure and composition of enamel: