Directions: Connect the products and livelihood to the correct region in Mindanao.

Products and Livelihood in Mindanao

Improving one’s physical appearance is the primary concern, of all people from all walks of life. Not only the party goers, career-oriented, or the celebrities but also ordinary people like us. So one must be careful in choosing the kind of cosmetic products that will not cause any harmful effects to their health as well as the environment. Objectives: Pretest: Home Economics and Livelihood Education 7 Seibo College 43 Cosmetics are products used to beautify, clean or protect the skin, hair, and other parts of the body. Examples of these are make-up, gel, hair spray, and hair dye. Prolong usage of these products will be harmful for your health as well as the environment. What are cosmetics? Cosmetics refer to any preparation intended to beautify the human body, more specifically the face. Make-up preparations – are formulated with covering creams that are skin toned and dense in texture to hide or conceal skin blemishes. Hair spray - is a liquid preparation in an aerosol or other spray container use for holding the hair in place. Home Economics and Livelihood Education 7 Seibo College 44 Hair dye - is a hair coloring matter use to give hair a new color. Gel - a semi rigid or a dispersion of a solid with liquid as in jelly or glue, use to hold the hair in a specific style. Now, take note of the different components commonly found in hair spray. a. Aerosol – is a substance sealed in a container under pressure, with a device for releasing it as a fine spray. Components of aerosol: 1. propane gas - means colorless, flammable gas. 2. butane gas - is the most dangerous substance because it contains carcinogen 3. carcinogen - is a substance that causes cancer. Are you aware of the Global Warming? Do you feel the heat of the sun becoming more intense, especially during summer time? It is due to the continuous depletion of the Ozone Layer. And the depleted ozone layer is caused by aerosol, CFCs (chlorofluorocarbon) and air pollution. The presence of CFCs in the atmosphere can destroy millions of ozone molecules. The destruction of the ozone molecules can cause black hole on the ozone layer which allow the ultraviolet radiation to pass through it down to earth’s surface. Home Economics and Livelihood Education 7 Seibo College 45 Ultraviolet rays coming from the sun penetrates the earth causing us harmful effects. Exposure to the unabsorbed ultraviolet radiation can cause skin cancer. b. CFC - chlorofluorocarbon is a combination of the following components: 1. chlorine - it is a poisonous gas that is highly irritating to the respiratory organ. 2. Fluorine – a toxic gas that occurs with the combination of fluorite, enyolite and other minerals. 3. carbon atoms The above mentioned chemicals do not combine easily with other substances and only vaporize at low temperature. An excessive use may destroy the ozone layer which protects the earth from ultraviolet rays of the sun.

Agriculture Agriculture is the main source of livelihood in every country in the region except Brunei and Singapore. Agricultural employment, however, has been declining. More than two-thirds of the workforces of Cambodia and Laos practice agriculture. As the economies of the ASEAN countries have been restructured toward growth in industry and services, there has been a corresponding decline in the proportion of the gross domestic product (GDP) derived from agriculture, most significantly in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. Agricultural output in Southeast Asia has increased significantly since 1970. There are wide variations in this growth across the region, with the greatest gains in Malaysia and Thailand and little or no increase in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. Hunger and malnutrition are problems in pockets of even the most developed countries, but they have been especially serious in Cambodia because of crop failures and internal strife. The condition of the rural population everywhere is clearly related to limited access to land, the landless experiencing greater poverty and poorer health. Landlessness is perhaps most serious in the Philippines. The dominant form of agriculture in the region is wet-rice cultivation. Where conditions permit, two crops typically are planted each year. Other food crops such as corn (maize), cassava, and pulses (legumes) frequently are grown in drier areas where there is too little water for a second planting of rice. Rice production requires a reliable water supply. Thailand and the Philippines rely heavily on rain-fed systems, while Indonesia utilizes irrigation to a large extent. Irrigation or some other form of water control is especially critical in the cultivation of the high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of rice that have been introduced since the 1960s. The spread of the so-called Green Revolution—in which HYVs and chemical fertilizers and pesticides are utilized—has brought mixed results. There is little doubt that production has increased because of the higher yields of these hybrid strains and because their more rapid maturation increases the possibility of multiple annual crops. Frequently, however, poorer farmers are not able to take advantage of these strains, because of the high cost of their use. The goal of rice self-sufficiency has been difficult to achieve for most countries. A large variety of cash crops are grown for the local and export markets, both on large commercial estates and by individual growers or smallholders. Tree crops are the most important in terms of value, although the area devoted to them is limited largely to equatorial areas. Rubber and palm oil are significant in Malaysia, Indonesia, and southern Thailand, while coconuts and sugar are important in the Philippines. Other major export crops are cacao, coffee, and spices, while crops grown largely for local and regional consumption include chilies, sweet potatoes, peanuts (groundnuts), and tobacco. The cultivation of opium poppies is important in parts of Myanmar and Thailand. The emphasis on rubber and palm oil production is in response to a considerable (though fluctuating) worldwide demand for these commodities and because of a nearly continuous harvest period that provides year-round employment. Foreign corporations once dominated production, but, as the region’s countries gained independence, much of the production was nationalized. Government ownership continues to predominate, with increasing private ownership. Fishing contributes only a token amount to the GDP of Southeast Asian countries, but it is an important livelihood in certain areas and supplies a significant portion of the local diet. Marine output has gradually expanded with new technologies. The maritime nations of Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines all have globally important fishing industries. Shrimp catches are especially in demand in the world economy. Aquaculture has become increasingly important in the region, such species as shrimp, carp, and grouper being raised in excavated ponds.

Nutrition refers to the science that deals with the various factors of which food is composed and the way in which proper nourishment is brought about. Home Economics and Livelihood Education 7 Seibo College 152 Human nutrition involves properly feeding the people. It is therefore important to learn more about nutrition, taking into consideration the three (3) important factors: a. the food we eat b. the way it is digested, absorbed and used in the tissues of the body c. the kind of people for whom the food is intended Good health or “wellness” is not a matter of chance. Good health is a product of good nutrition which is the result of an adequate supply of essential nutrients in your body. Lack of these nutrients lead to illness or a condition known as “malnutrition”. Malnutrition occurs if there is an imbalance intake of nutrients or an inadequacy of one or any of the nutrients. Malnutrition are manifested in the following cases: 1. obesity due to overeating- Obesity occurs when a person eats more than what the body requires under normal condition. This results in an excess supply of calories that leads to obesity or overnutrition. 2. stunted growth of children due to lack of protein- If there is no sufficient supply of carbohydrates or fats protein is used by the body as an alternative source of energy. 3. under weight due to lack of carbohydrates- If the total amount of nutrients provided by the diet is insufficient , it results to undernutrition. What is good nutrition? Home Economics and Livelihood Education 7 Seibo College 153 What are the causes of malnutrition? 1. ignorance or lack of knowledge about proper food intake 2. low standard of living 3. limited food supply 4. emergence of calamities or social unrest 5. increased family size 6. poor eating habits What are food habits? Food habits mean one’s attitude towards food. If the body is fed by junk foods and became over/under supplied with particular vitamins, protein or other nutrients then the body will suffer from malnutrition. Let us identify the factors affecting food habits.  Education – knowledge about nutrition will help one to make wise decision about food.  Foods available - The kinds of food available to you usually are the foods you eat. Some foods can grow only in certain types of geographic locations and this determines the foods available in such locations  Religion - What foods people can eat or cannot eat have been dictated by their religious beliefs. For example, Moslems do not eat pork because Islam forbids them to eat it. Home Economics and Livelihood Education 7 Seibo College 154  Ethnicity – members of cultural groups formed their own living patterns which include food customs. It includes what food can or cannot be eaten.  Income/economic status – the type of food you choose depends on how money you have. Income dictates what food you can eat and how you eat them.  Convenience -. Meal management practices affect food habits because you can only prepare and eat foods you can easily cook with the facilities and the knowledge you have. Food habit refers to the way in which different people select , cook, serve and eat food that are available to them. Home Economics and Livelihood Education 7 Seibo College 155 Look at the diagram below for a better understanding. FACTORS THAT AFFECT FOOD HABITS FOOD HABITS Education Foods available Religion Convenience Economic status Ethnicit

Products and Process

Products and industry

SPECIAL PRODUCTS AND FACTORING

Assessment - PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

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