What is a key difference between qualitative and quantitative research?

Qualitative research focuses on understanding meanings and experiences, while quantitative research focuses on numerical data and statistics.

Qualitative research does not involve any data analysis.

Quantitative research only uses interviews for data collection.

Qualitative research is always more expensive than quantitative research.

Which of the following is a characteristic of qualitative research?

Data is often collected through open-ended questions.

Data is always represented in graphs.

It requires large sample sizes for results.

Findings can be generalized to the entire population.

What is a common purpose of quantitative research?

To test hypotheses and measure variables.

To understand cultural contexts.

To explore personal experiences in depth.

To gather descriptive data about a population.

How does qualitative research typically analyze data?

By identifying themes and patterns in the responses.

By performing statistical calculations.

Which of the following best describes a key advantage of quantitative research?

It allows for the analysis of large data sets for statistical significance.

It relies heavily on observational methods.

It provides rich, detailed narratives from participants.

It focuses on understanding personal feelings and emotions.

Which of the following is an example of a qualitative research method?

Statistical analysis of numerical data

What is a limitation of qualitative research?

Findings are often not generalizable to the larger population.

It cannot provide in-depth insights.

It is always more expensive than quantitative research.

It relies solely on numerical data.

What is a common tool used in quantitative research for data collection?

Surveys with closed-ended questions

Interviews with open-ended questions

Qualitative and Quantitative Research

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN

Quantitative and Qualitative Research

Definition of research, quantitative and qualitative research

Research: Scientific Attitudes These are the traits that scientists and researchers practice to ensure reliable results and good research work: Curiosity – Desire to ask questions and seek answers. Drives exploration and discovery. Example: Wondering why leaves change color in autumn. Intellectual Honesty – Reporting observations and results truthfully, even if they don’t support your hypothesis. Open-Mindedness – Willingness to accept new ideas and consider other perspectives. Perseverance – Continuing research despite difficulties or failures. Objectivity – Avoiding bias; basing conclusions only on evidence and facts. Positive Attitude Towards Failure – Viewing mistakes as opportunities to learn and improve. Skepticism – Questioning results and not accepting claims without sufficient evidence. Observation and Inference Observation – Using the senses (or tools) to gather information. Qualitative Observation → Describes qualities (color, shape, texture). Quantitative Observation → Uses numbers or measurements (height, mass, temperature). Inference – Logical explanation or conclusion based on observations and prior knowledge. Example: Seeing smoke and inferring there is fire. 🔎 Science Process Skills These are steps used in scientific investigations: Observing – Using senses and instruments to gather data. Inferring – Making explanations based on observations. Predicting – Stating what you think will happen based on patterns or evidence. Communicating – Sharing results through words, graphs, charts, or reports. Classifying – Grouping objects or data according to similarities and differences. Ordering/Sequencing – Arranging objects or events in correct order (time, size, importance). Measuring – Using standard units and instruments to describe length, mass, volume, time, etc. 📏 Measurement and Measuring Instruments Measurement – The process of comparing an unknown quantity with a standard unit. Common Quantities and Instruments: Length/Distance – Ruler, Meter Stick, Vernier Caliper, Tape Measure. Mass – Balance (triple beam, electronic). Volume – Graduated Cylinder, Measuring Cup, Pipette, Burette. Temperature – Thermometer. Time – Stopwatch, Clock. Electric Current – Ammeter. Voltage – Voltmeter. Key Idea: Accurate measurement requires using the correct instrument and unit (SI Units).

Quantitaive and qualitative research

Quantitative research sampling and sample

Theoretical and Conceptual Framework on Qualitative Research

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