Question 1

In what phase does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Answer

Cytokinesis

Answer

Telophase

Answer

Metaphase

Question 2

As a result of mitosis, the cells of a multicellular organism share which of these properties?

Accepted Answer

All cells have the same number of chromosomes.

Answer

All cells have identical genetic information but different numbers of chromosomes.

Answer

Genetic information varies among the cells, depending on cell type.

Answer

The number of chromosomes varies among the cells.

Question 3

How does the genetic information in a zygote (an egg cell that has combined with a sperm cell) compare with the genetic information in the skin cells of the adult organism that develops from the zygote?

Accepted Answer

The skin cells in the adult organism contain the same genetic information that was in the zygote.

Answer

Some of the skin cells in the adult organism contain all of the genetic information that was in the zygote, but other skin cells contain just a little of the information.

Answer

None of the skin cells in the adult organism contains any of the genetic information that was in the zygote

Answer

The skin cells in the adult organism still contain some of the genetic information that was in the zygote, but not very much of the information.

Question 4

Fully-grown adults are much larger in size than young children. What happens to the cells of the body during the growth of a child?

Accepted Answer

The cells divide to make more cells, and those cells grow to become larger

Answer

The cells grow, but the number of cells stays the same

Answer

The size and number of cells in the body stay the same

Question 5

Which diagram shows what happens to the number of chromosomes in the muscle cells of a chimpanzee when a single muscle cell divides to form two muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Diagram 2

Answer

Diagram 1

Answer

Neither diagram

Question 6

Robert is studying a long list of letters. The letters represent the order of nitrogenous bases in a molecule of mRNA. The first several bases in the list are shown below.

To identify the amino acid sequence encoded by the mRNA, which would be the most useful first step for Robert to follow?

Accepted Answer

Separate the list into three-letter codons.

Answer

Separate the list into two-, three- and four-letter codons.

Answer

Count the number of letters in the list.

Answer

Calculate the frequencies of each letter.

Question 7

Alvin is studying a model of the chemical structure of a common nucleic acid. He observes that the nucleic acid consists of four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U).

Alvin's observation most strongly supports which of these conclusions?

Accepted Answer

The nucleic acid is a form of RNA, and is not DNA.

Answer

The nucleic acid is either RNA or DNA.

Answer

The nucleic acid is DNA, and is not RNA

Answer

The nucleic acid is either RNA or DNA.

Question 8

Chargaff's rules of base pairing are explained by which structural feature of DNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is double stranded, and bonds between base pairs hold the strands together.

Answer

Each strand of DNA contains a phosphate and sugar backbone.

Answer

The nucleotides of DNA may appear in a wide variety of sequences.

Question 9

A change commonly referred to as a mutation occurs to a DNA molecule in an organism's skin cell before the organism reproduces. When the organism reproduces, how many of its children will have the mutation?

Accepted Answer

None of the organism's children will have the mutation.

Answer

All of the organism's children will have the mutation.

Answer

It will depend on how much time passes between when the mutation occurs and when the organism has children.

Question 10

The wing of a bird and the front limb of a mammal have a similar number and arrangement of bones. Which evolutionary relationship explains these similarities?

Accepted Answer

The wing and front limb are homologous structures; each evolved from a common ancestor.

Answer

The wing and front limb are analogous structures; each evolved independently.

Answer

The wing and front limb are vestigial structures; one evolved from the other.

Answer

The wing and front limb are analogous structures; each evolved from a common ancestor.

Question 11

Darwin collected and studied a variety of fossils. The fossils provided clues to ancient organisms. As Darwin concluded, how did ancient organisms compare to modern species?

Accepted Answer

The ancient organisms were similar to modern species, but differed in several ways.

Answer

The ancient organisms were larger or smaller than modern species, but otherwise identical.

Answer

The ancient organisms were very different from modern species, and lacked any significant similarities.

Answer

The ancient organisms were identical to modern species.

Question 12

Burmese pythons are native to southeast Asia, but have become popular pets over the last few decades. Over time, escaped and released pythons have made their way into Everglades National Park, where they have displaced many native species. Which of the following terms best describes the Burmese pythons in Everglades National Park?

Accepted Answer

Invasive species

Answer

Pioneer species

Answer

Indicator species

Answer

Keystone species

Question 13

Which geometric model is generally used to represent the trophic levels of an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

a pyramid or triangle, because available energy decreases from one trophic level to the next

Answer

a square, because there generally are four trophic levels of equal population size

Answer

a circle, because both matter and energy cycle through feeding relationships

Answer

a pyramid or triangle, because available energy increases from one trophic level to the next

Question 14

Which statement describes all primary producers?

Accepted Answer

All harness the energy of sunlight through the process of photosynthesis.

Answer

All are small, single-celled organisms, such as bacteria and algae.

Answer

All take in food and break it apart to release energy.

Answer

All take in energy to assemble energy-rich compounds.

Question 15

The diagram shows a model of feeding relationships in an ecosystem. What is shown by the arrows that lead to and from the raccoon?

Accepted Answer

The raccoon is part of one food web and several overlapping food chains.

Answer

The raccoon is part of several food chains, but not a food web.

Answer

The raccoon is part of one food web, but no food chains.

Question 16

The diagram shows a model of an ecosystem.

What does the model represent?

Accepted Answer

the relative amount of energy available at each trophic level

Answer

the total amount of energy in the ecosystem

Answer

the total biomass in each trophic level

Answer

the conservation of energy as energy transfers between organisms

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