Led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison,they were pro-French, opposed the National Bank, emphasized agriculture, and believed people should have political power; favored strong state governments emphasizing states' rights and a strict interpretation of the Constitution to restrict the powers of the federal government; also known as the Jeffersonian Republican party, ancestor of modern democratic party

Major American political party of the early 19th century favoring a strong, active federal government, that would promote trade, industry, and closer relations with the British

the right of states to limit the power of the federal government

a tax on imported (finished) goods that's purpose is to protect a nation's businesses from foreign competition

A formal announcement issued by President George Washington on April 22, 1793, declaring the United States a neutral nation in the conflict between Great Britain and France.

(1803-1815) were a series of wars between Napoleon's French Empire and opposing coalitions. The Napoleonic Wars continued the Wars of the French Revolution of 1789. Great Britain and France fought for European supremacy, and treated weaker powers heavy-handedly. The United States attempted to remain neutral during the Napoleonic period, but eventually became embroiled in the European conflicts, leading to the War of 1812 against Great Britain.

An insult to the American delegation when they were supposed to be meeting French foreign minister, Talleyrand, but instead they were sent 3 officials Adams called "X,Y, and Z" that demanded $250,000 as a bribe to see Talleyrand. (Charles Cotesworth Pickney "No, not a sixpence.")

Designed to limit the growth of Democratric-Republicans; acts passed by Federalists giving the government power to imprison or deport foreign citizens and prosecute critics of the government. (Newspapers, Thomas Cooper)

Penned by Jefferson and Madison, saying that states had the right to nullify an act of Congress that they found to be unconstitutional such as the Alien and Sedition Acts. These resolutions became a foundation of the states' rights doctrine (John C. Calhoun)

Southerners and Westerners who were eager for war with Britain. They had a strong sense of nationalism, and they wanted to takeover British land in North America and expand. (John C. Calhoun)

1807 act which stopped American trade with both Britain and France. The embargo devastated the American shipping industry based in New England, a Federalist region. Federalists opposed both the embargo and later the War of 1812.

British practice of taking American sailors and forcing them into military service; usually by claiming they were a British citizen. Became a major cause of the War of 1812

(1812-14) war between the US and the Great Britain, started by restrictions (1807 Embargo Act) on trade resulting from the British blockade of French and allied ports during the Napoleonic Wars, and by British and Canadian support for Native Americans trying to resist westward expansion. It was ended by a treaty that restored all conquered territories to their owners before outbreak of war(status quo antebellum).

A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country