What is another name for 5p- syndrome?

Which of the following is a common symptom of 5p- syndrome?

What is the inheritance pattern of 5p- syndrome?

What are the two main lines of defense in innate immunity?

Which mechanical barrier helps remove infectious organisms from the body?

How does vomiting act as a natural barrier?

What is the main purpose of inflammation?

Which of the following is NOT typically assessed through motor responses?

What type of assessment is crucial for determining damage in the brain?

What is the primary infection associated with meningitis?

What does a decreased level of consciousness (LOC) indicate in a patient with meningitis?

What does the ventricular system refer to in the context of meningitis?

Which sign is characterized by resistance to passive flexion of the leg at the knee when the hip is flexed?

Which clinical manifestation is NOT commonly associated with meningitis?

What is the purpose of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Which of the following is a classic sign of meningitis seen during examination?

Which bacterium is NOT commonly associated with ear infections?

What is NOT a symptom of Acute Otitis Media (AOM)?

Which condition is characterized by fluid in the middle ear without symptoms of acute infection?

What is a common protective factor against bacterial infections in infants?

Which bacterium is often associated with causing pneumonia as well as ear infections?

Which of the following can be a symptom of AOM?

What is the primary symptom that distinguishes AOM from OME?

What is meant by complete puberty?

What does mixed puberty involve?

What is precocious puberty defined as in girls?

What percentage of children in North America experience delayed development of secondary sex characteristics?

What is the first sign of puberty in boys?

At what age do girls typically start showing signs of breast tissue enlargement?

What indicates a clinical diagnosis of delayed puberty in girls?

What is the most common form of delayed puberty characterized by normal hormonal levels?

At what age is a girl diagnosed with delayed puberty if there is no development of breast tissue?

What appearance do gram-positive bacteria have when stained using the Gram staining technique?

What type of acid is found in the outer membranes of gram-positive bacteria?

What is the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in gram-negative bacteria?

Which of the following bacteria is associated with acute bronchitis?

What is the typical color appearance of gram-negative bacteria when stained?

What type of bacteria is Hemophilus influenza?

Which type of bacteria has teichoic acid in its outer membrane?

Which of the following is NOT a virus associated with acute bronchitis?

Which gram-negative bacterium is mentioned in the context of upper respiratory infections?

What is lipopolysaccharide (LPS) commonly referred to as?

What bacterium is responsible for diphtheria?

Which bacterium is associated with streptococcal pharyngitis?

What is the causative agent of pneumococcal pneumonia?

Which bacterium is identified as a cause of atypical pneumonia?

Chlamydophila pneumoniae is associated with which type of pneumonia?

Whooping cough is primarily caused by which of the following bacteria?

What is Legionella pneumophila known to cause?

Which stain is used to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is primarily associated with which condition?

Which type of bacteria is characterized as Gram-negative and can cause pneumonia?

Which physical characteristic of the larynx is associated with laryngomalacia?

In laryngomalacia, which breathing issue can the infant exhibit?

What is the treatment approach for most infants with laryngomalacia?

What type of airway obstruction is caused by laryngomalacia?

What is the primary symptom of laryngomalacia in infants?

During which part of breathing does laryngomalacia symptoms typically manifest?

What anatomical structures are involved in laryngomalacia that can partially cover the glottis during inspiration?

What is the most common congenital cause of noisy breathing (stridor) in infants?

Which factors increase the risk of DVT in hospitalized patients?

What is one of the primary roles of the D-dimer test in DVT diagnosis?

What diagnostic tool is required if a D-dimer test is positive?

Which genetic mutations are known to predispose individuals to DVT?

Which patient group is at special risk for DVT due to pregnancy?

Which type of cancer is specifically mentioned as increasing the risk for DVT?

Which age group is at significant risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

What is the significance of a negative D-dimer test in diagnosing DVT?

Which spinal condition mentioned is associated with increased DVT risk?

What does a score of 5 or more on the ISTH DIC score indicate?

What does the presence of soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC) indicate in DIC?

What is a fibrinogen level indicative of in DIC?

What does an elevated D-dimer indicate in the context of DIC?

Which of the following is a laboratory criterion for DIC?

What platelet count indicates thrombocytopenia in DIC?

What is a common clinical criterion for diagnosing DIC?

What causes neutrophils to release prothrombotic neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in sepsis?

Which of the following is NOT a laboratory marker associated with DIC?

What does the absence of a Y chromosome imply for individuals with a 45X karyotype?

What is one of the most common outcomes of conception with a 45X karyotype?

What percentage of 45X fetuses survive to term?

What can happen to mosaic fetuses with some cells containing a Y chromosome?

How is the 45X karyotype most commonly inherited?

What condition can be associated with 45X individuals?

What is the typical result of having a 45X karyotype?

What karyotype is designated for a condition with a single X chromosome and no homologous X or Y chromosome?

What is the total number of chromosomes in a person with Turner Syndrome?

Which of the following combinations indicates mosaicism in Turner Syndrome?

What type of aneuploidy is Turner Syndrome classified as?

What is the karyotype designation for Turner Syndrome?

What condition can result from decreased oxygen tension in the blood?

Why is it important for sickle cell patients to be vaccinated against pneumococcus?

What serious risk do young patients with sickle cell disease face?

Which stressor can precipitate a sickle cell crisis?

What symptom is NOT typically associated with hemolytic anemia?

What type of gene inheritance pattern is associated with Hbg SST?

What is the primary method of identifying infants with sickle cell disease in the US?

What type of crisis is not commonly associated with sickle cell disease?

Which of the following is NOT a general manifestation of sickle cell crisis?

How many types of crises are mentioned for sickle cell disease?

The weakness of the LES in GERD patients can lead to which symptom?

Which calcium channel blocker is known to potentially exacerbate GERD symptoms?

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for GERD?

What happens to the resting tone of the LES in individuals with GERD?

What risk factor is associated with GERD due to its relaxing effect on the LES?

What is the treatment of choice for GERD?

Which drug class is known to relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)?

What is the estimated prevalence of GERD in North America?

What effect does long-term use of PPIs have on GERD symptoms?

What is a possible effect of indomethacin on the joints?

What is a common symptom of osteoarthritis?

What is the most common form of joint disease?

Which medication can stimulate collagen digestion enzyme activity in the synovial membrane?

What can stimulate collagen digestion enzyme activity in the synovial membrane?

Which medication is known to potentially cause secondary osteoarthritis?

What type of cells are often elevated in individuals with Atopic Dermatitis?

At what age does Atopic Dermatitis typically onset?

What do more than half of individuals with Atopic Dermatitis develop later in life?

Which serum levels are increased in individuals with Atopic Dermatitis?

What is one recommended method to increase skin hydration in Atopic Dermatitis?

What is the role of interleukin 4 and 13 in Atopic Dermatitis?

What is a suggested treatment for recurrent scratching infections in Atopic Dermatitis patients?

What age range encompasses most cases of Atopic Dermatitis?

What percentage of adults are affected by Atopic Dermatitis?

What percentage of children is affected by Atopic Dermatitis?

What happens to the body's systems during the progression of MODS?

When is early detection of MODS particularly important?

Which of the following is NOT a sign of MODS?

What is a common sign of cardiogenic shock associated with MODS?

Which system typically shows signs of failure first in MODS?

What role do activated neutrophils play in MODS?

Which of the following symptoms is NOT typically present in the first 24 hours of MODS?

What is the primary cause of death associated with MODS?

What is a potential symptom of MODS that indicates fluid overload?

What type of shock is MODS often associated with?

Which sign is NOT listed as an additional cardinal sign of MODS?

What is a major cause of death related to septic shock?

What is the hypermetabolic state related to MODS?

What is a sign of a second-degree burn?

Which burn degree generally requires medical treatment?

What is a common symptom of a first-degree burn?

Which layer of skin is affected by a full thickness burn?

What characterizes a full thickness burn?

What is a partial thickness burn?

What does the term 'abduction' refer to in the context of decorticate posturing?

What type of posture is characterized by extension in both upper and lower extremities?

Which systems are released due to hemispheric damage in decorticate posturing?

What is a common symptom associated with decorticate posturing?

Which part of the brain is primarily involved in decorticate posturing?

What is characterized by upper extremity flexion and lower extremity extension?

What might decrease when the corticospinal system is compromised?

What system is crucial for voluntary motor control?

What does severe dysfunction in the corticospinal system lead to?

What is a hallmark symptom of a malfunctioning corticospinal system?

What type of rigidity indicates corticospinal system issues?

Which of the following is associated with decreased consciousness?

What indicates severe dysfunction of the corticospinal system?

What is required for purposeful movement?