Abigail was asked to leave the Proctor's home because Elizabeth believed Abigail had an affair with John. Abigail still loves John and still believes he loves her and is weak around her too. Abigail's feelings for Elizabeth are harsh and she calls her a gossiping liar.

the Putnams start talking about witchcraft because their daughter is walking mindlessly around the house and won't eat, along with the fact that Tituba was trying to call the dead. they say these signs and Betty flying are signs of witchcraft

He's described as a farmer in his middle thirties, and he had a sharp and biting way with hypocrites. He displays a steady manner, and people despise him for exposing their foolishness. He is uneasy with himself, though, because he committed adulty against his wife. He's also described as hating hypocrites, yet he is one, thus he hates himself. He is described as powerful of body, even tempered, and not easily led.

Mr. Putnam opposes Reverend Parris because Parris became the minister instead of Putnam's brother-in-law. however, he takes Parris's side on calling Hale because he wants his daughter to be well again and he respects Hale. He also knows that if Hale "finds witches" then many landowners will be jailed and then Putnam can take their land.

Proctor doesn't like that Parris talks more about money and Hell rather than talking about God. He feels he complains about his salary and his expectations of being minister. Proctor believes Parris to be greedy, abusing of power, and disregards God.

He's saying that society will not be a toy Putnam can play with whenever he pleases. He's saying that just because Putnam is wealthy, he doesn't have the authority to do what he wants with society or rule over society.

the meaning of her line is, "If they go looking for devil and witchcraft, they might find it which may cause trouble." This is controversial because they don't want to really find the devil, or cause trouble. Parris also doesn't want his daughter to be found out to be bewitched because his name would be thwarted.

The importance of this dialogue is to show the character of Parris. Because of his continuous preaching about Hell, we learn not many want to church or listen. We also learn how controlling he is, and how he wants people to understand that it is not their place to tell him what to preach or how to do it.

He's described as a devote, religious man that is very knowledgeable about witchcraft. He views himself as empowered and one of few that can thwart out witchcraft.

It's important because it shows he's thorough in his investigation and won't simply assume it's witchcraft. He knows he shouldn't take it lightly because there are women's life on the line.

Reverend Hale believes Abigail over Tituba because Tituba is a slave and she does not have the trust of the community because of that. Abigail is not a slave and has a good name in the community.

Tituba is led into confessing and naming people by being threatened by both Hale and Parris. They threaten to beat her, and they openly, harshly, accuse her of working with the Devil. After threatening her, they tell her she could be forgiven if she tells the truth. They say she's the chosen one to save their from darkness. She then realizes she has the option to blame people to save herself, and she blames Goody Good and Goody Osburn.

the significance of the scene is that it reveals their relationship is still very strained and filled with tension. Elizabeth still holds suspicion of John and does yet also doesn't want to trust him. She will do anything to keep from confrontation. John wants to please her, in any way possible. He is hurt that she still holds suspicion against him.

a small rag doll (a poppet)

Mary states that now there's 39 women arrested (14 before she said 39), Goody Osburn will be hung, Sarah Good confessed and nearly choked everyone in the court, Sarah Good also made Mary remember everything Sarah had done to her, and how they didn't condemn Sarah because of her confession. Mary is an official of the court who saved Elizabeth from being arrested because she was accused and Mary said the accusation was not true. John forbids Mary from attending because he doesn't believe the trials are necessary.

He comes to their home to question their Christianity, the Christian character of their home. This reveals that Hale has a lot of power over what happens in the trails and who gets arrested based upon the strength of their Christianity.

Hale suggests that the church and court shall never be questioned as they're both always right.

Procter tells Hale that the children are not ill by witchcraft, but by pretending in the woods. He claims to know this because Abigail told him.

He wants to know if they believe in witches or not. He wants to know this so he knows if he has to incriminate them or not, to see if they are really Christians that adhere to the Bible.

Giles reports that his wife and Rebecca Nurse were arrested. Giles' wife was arrested for reading books, and Rebecca Nurse was arrested for murder. The significance of these revelations are to show that at first they were accusing nobodies in the community, but now they're accusing prominent people in the church.

Hale is beginning to change his opinion of the arrest when innocents women are being arrested and charged. He still has confidence in the court and its ability to always be right.

Cheever is arresting and taking all the women to jail by warrants from the court (plaintiff). It reveals that he is obsessed with how important he is to the court and his role in all this.

Mary Warren gave the poppet to Elizabeth because Abigail told her to and Abigail wants to incriminate Elizabeth.

Elizabeth is arrested for being accused of a needle being stabbed into Abigail that Elizabeth was responsible for. On the grounds that Cheever found a needle inside of Abigail in the same spot as the one in the poppet.

We learn that Mary Warren's motives were because Abigail told her to give Elizabeth the poppet, and she did so because she wants to keep out of Abigail's way because she's afraid Abigail will kill her.

Martha Corey is on trial when her husband interrupts the court. The charges have been changed from bewitching pigs to bewitching children.

Giles makes a charge against Putnam that Putnam is only charging Martha to buy their land. He would be able to buy it all since the condemned lose their land by the court.

He has broken charity by thoughtlessly sharing personal information that causes her to be suspected as a witch (she reads a book).

Francis offends Danforth by saying the girls have deceived him and the court. Danforth refutes this by saying that he has 400 people in jail, 72 waiting to be hung. the fact that he is offended tells us that he views himself as an intelligent man, who can't be deceived.

Danforth is concerned about his reputation, which is why he doesn't want Proctor to tell the town of the news as it would show Danforth is guilty.

His statement shows he will not accept any lies, and will burn those who try. This pertains to the title as a crucible is something that is used to burn things, like Danforth will do to anyone who lies.

Cheever reveals to the court that Proctor cursed the court and ripped up Elizabeth's warrant along with the fact that he plows on Sundays instead of going to church. This proves his contempt with the court, and the evidence could prove Proctor is guilty.

He says she never lies as his reasoning for believing her. This is ironic later because she lies to save Proctor, yet it actually makes them both more guilty.

this episode helps establish Miller's connection as people were being blamed of being communists if they spoke in anyone's defense who was previously charged/arrested

Giles Corey proof for his charge is a deposition that states another person heard Putnam say he wants George Jacob's land. He will not supply the proof (the witness) to the court as he doesn't want to endanger them and cause them to be arrested. a parallel this has with the HUAC hearings is that people were blaming each other in both cases, but the accused didn't have a say in the matter. Just like when suspected communists didn't give names of actual communists to protect them.

Hale asks Parris if every defense is an attack upon the court. Parris responds with those who are innocent are not attacking the court and are happy about it. This is ironic because the innocent people are the ones who are denying the court.

I think Hale wants Proctor to have a lawyer because he knows he'll be unjustly arrested and tried if he doesn't have one. Hale also knows he won't win without one.

Mary Warren is in a predicament because if she doesn't do a certain thing she'll be in trouble with a lot of people. If she goes against Abigail and the other girls, she'll be convicted and killed. If she foes against Danforth, she'll be arrested for keeping things from the court, then hung. If she goes against Proctor, she'll be allowing his wife be hung and killed.

He's temporarily persuaded because Proctor confessed to having an affair with Abigail, which would prove she would have a motive in wanting Elizabeth dead.

"If I must answer that, I will leave and I will not come back again!" (Miller, pg 111) What is strange is that she neither denies, not confesses to being a harlot, yet others are arrested for neither denying or confessing against an accusation.

He puts so much faith in her testimony because John states she never lies and her answer could make people free or accused.

Elizabeth makes the sacrifice of lying in court to save her husband. The result of this is ironic because John confessed and said she never lies.

He denounces the court, says he stops believing in witchcraft, and opposes John and Giles' arrests. This is different from before when he states the court is always true and witches are very real.

This is ironic because Mary told the truth (doing good), yet her life was threatened (something bad), but she lied and accused John (doing bad) and was praised for it (something good for doing bad) John told the truth entirely (doing good), and is now going to jail for it (something bad).

3 months have passed between Acts 3 and 4.

We see him change by him now feeling guilty about the accusations and deaths. Before this change, he was determined, it seemed, to call anyone guilty. He seems to have gone mad from all that's happening and his guilt.

Problems would include cows roaming free, with people fighting over who they belong to, along with crops going bad, making the town stink, and children roaming free as now they are orphans.

They have both run away together on a ship with having stolen 31 pounds from Parris.

The people have thrown out the court, saying they will have no part in witchcraft. There's rebellion there.

My reaction is that it's a false statement. They don't have high satisfaction for them being dead due to witchcraft, but them being dead so their land can be taken. They also fear the consequences that would come with voicing their disagreement.

He thinks there may be a riot in Salem because now all the faithful, innocent people will be wrongly hung. Parris asks Danforth to postpone the killings. He also thinks of a riot as Proctor and Rebecca a good, strong influence on the village, and their deaths may cause a riot of vengeance.

He says no because he's already hung people for the same crime. He also says no as he views it as a sign of weakness and faltering on his part.

Hale returns to Salem to pray and to try and convince the condemned to confess, even if it means lying about their confession. He comes because he feels guilty about the misuse of justice that got them to their current situation. He feels as so the dead's blood is on his hands.

He's saying that the killings are wrong, and there's no good reason to kill someone, not even for witchcraft, or if you think it is the right thing to do. He wants Elizabeth to realize this and convince John to confess so he may live. He's trying to show that no one has the right to take another's life not matter the circumstances, including saving one's pride.

I do agree with Halle in the above statement. God detests murder, He loves life. No amount of justifying or good reasoning will combat the truth that killing someone is murder.

This is a change as before, in Act II, there was so much tension between the two that it seemed there was no emotion.

A hundred or more

Giles Corey died because he would neither deny or confess the accusations against him. He didn't want his land to be auctioned or his boys' have to deal with their father confessing to such things that are lies. As he died, he stated, "More weight." He died as a Christian man because of his actions.

He's considering confessing because he believes he's not a pure, good man. He doesn't want to die acting like one. He states, "I cannot mount the gibbet like a saint. It is a fraud. I am not that man. My honesty is broke...I am no good man.."

Elizabeth is meaning that she believes it was partly her fault for John cheating on her with Abigail. She's saying she has a part in it too, and she believes he did it because of her coldness towards him.

Proctor feels guilt and shame when he sees Rebecca Nurse. Her character of goodness, being like a saint, and her inability to walk prompts him to feel this way.

John refuses to name other people because he does not want to incriminate anyone else or ruin anyone else's name. He also wants to keep his name good, and save only himself. This displays that John is still, mostly, honest, a just character, and a good man with good morals.

Proctor's meaning: God's the only judge who matters the the only one deserving of seeing his signature on the confession paper.

He refuses to give the signed paper to Danforth because that would mean tying his name to all the lies and the hangings of those who told the truth. This is so hard for him because he only has one name and he can't get another. He doesn't want his name to then carry the guilt of death to his family and friends.

Elizabeth means that by Proctor not selling out his friends or allowing himself to become tied with lies and injustice, he has regained the goodness he lost in his affair with Abigail.

When you use any ideology as a weapon; religion being used as a weapon, even in a political sphere

acting or behaving in a certain and often negative manner because others are doing it; extremism fuels this

In the beginning Proctor want to save his name and at the end still wants to save it, yet saves it by dying. The judge, Abigail, and Parris are other examples of people wanting to save their name.

The people who are consistently faithful in the truth. Everyone wants to look good or get/keep their goodness

Danforth's and Hathorne's judgement is off. Hale realizes he's not a good judge and judging others is bad

Abigail wants revenge against Proctor for not taking her, and ultimately the good people get revenge against the court and get revenge of their accusers

seen w/ Elizabeth and John (tells the truth and it backfires) in the courtroom. When she lies to protect him yet doesn't protect him at all. Hale - wants people to lie to free themselves and his conscience

it takes heat to make something pure (title); suspicious atmosphere (ppl. spying on ea. other) when Proctor admits his affair

fear of death and Abigail are motives; wanting to keep your reputation; greed; attention; fear; physical pain

Proctor- doesn't like hypocrites yet is one

Satan Abigail, and Mrs. Putnam. Satan feeds lies to the town. Abigail gets the girls to fear her and the courts to believe her. Putnam asks Tituba to talk to the dead through sending her daughter to her. the court doesn't stop the evil. age old sins of lust and power.

He was a merchant in Barbados

government based on the Bible

conversation between characters

First: Tituba Second: Sarah Good

Ruth

italics

The Red Scare of the 50s

Peace

Her parents murdered by Indians

Betty

Cheever

Thou shalt not commit adultery

Giles comes over with Francis and relays the news that Martha Corey and Rebecca have been arrested

vengeance

a yellow bird

Raphael and Tobias

He's trying to get Mary to be honest and continue to tell the truth despite her fear of Abigail