Question 1

What is the primary function of mRNA in the process of transcription?

Accepted Answer

It carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis

Answer

It provides energy for cellular processes

Answer

It acts as a template for DNA replication

Answer

It serves as a storage molecule for genetic material

Question 2

What is the initial step in the process of transcription?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase binding to a specific region of DNA called the promoter

Answer

RNA polymerase synthesizing an RNA molecule

Answer

Formation of hydrogen bonds between DNA and RNA nucleotides

Answer

Proofreading the newly synthesized RNA molecule

Question 3

In the process of transcription, what is the function of RNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

It synthesizes an RNA molecule complementary to a DNA template strand

Answer

It proofreads the newly synthesized RNA molecule

Answer

It unwinds the DNA double helix structure

Answer

It forms hydrogen bonds between DNA and RNA nucleotides

Question 4

What is the difference between transcription and translation in molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

Transcription converts DNA into RNA, while translation converts RNA into protein

Answer

Transcription involves the formation of peptide bonds, while translation involves the addition of nucleotides

Answer

Transcription is a post-translational modification process, while translation is a pre-transcriptional modification process

Answer

Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm, while translation occurs in the nucleus

Question 5

What is the purpose of the termination signal in the process of transcription?

Accepted Answer

It signals the RNA polymerase to release the newly synthesized RNA molecule and detach from the DNA template

Answer

It facilitates the proofreading process of the RNA polymerase

Answer

It enhances the binding affinity between RNA polymerase and the DNA template

Answer

It promotes the elongation of the RNA molecule during transcription

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