This proviso never became law but was endorsed by the state legislature of free states, and stated that slavery was prohibited in every state acquired in the Mexican War.

A government in which the people rule by their own consent; used as a compromise regarding slavery pre-Civil War.

A political party dedicated to stopping the expansion of slavery

1849 Gold discovered in California attracted a rush of people all over the country and world to San Francisco; arrival of the Chinese; increased pressure on fed gov. to establish a stable gov. in CA

(1) California admitted as free state, (2) territorial status and popular sovereignty of Utah and New Mexico, (3) resolution of Texas-New Mexico boundaries, (4) federal assumption of Texas debt, (5) slave trade abolished in DC, and (6) new fugitive slave law; advocated by Henry Clay and Stephen A. Douglas

A system that helped enslaved African Americans follow a network of escape routes out of the South to freedom in the North

a novel published by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852 which portrayed slavery as brutal and immoral

1854 - Created Nebraska and Kansas as states and gave the people in those territories the right to chose to be a free or slave state through popular sovereignty.

organized in 1854 by antislavery Whigs, Democrats, and Free Soilers in response to the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act; nominated John C. Frémont for president in 1856 and Abraham Lincoln in 1860

Term referring to bloodshed over popular sovereignty in a particular western territory

Abolitionist who was hanged after leading an unsuccessful raid at Harper's Ferry, Virginia

the Supreme Court ruled that Americans of African descent, whether free or slave, were not American citizens and could not sue in federal court. The Court also ruled that Congress lacked power to ban slavery in the U.S. territories.

1858 Senate Debate, Lincoln forced Douglas to debate issue of slavery, Douglas supported pop-sovereignty, Lincoln asserted that slavery should not spread to territories, Lincoln emerged as strong Republican candidate

Lincoln, the Republican candidate, won because the Democratic party was split over slavery. As a result, the South no longer felt like it has a voice in politics and a number of states seceded from the Union.

Federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina; the confederate attack on the fort marked the start of the Civil War

Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R, and to take an army through heart of south

First major battle of the Civil War, in which untrained Northern troops and civilian picnickers fled back to Washington. This battle helped boost Southern morale and made the North realize that this would be a long war.

*First battle of iron-clad ships

Union commander who took over for Scott during the first part of the war; won a major battle at Antietam but was replaced after Lincoln was unhappy with his passive strategy

Leader of the Union army He later became a U.S. President.

during the civil war, a devastating total war military campaign, led by union general William Tecumseh Sherman, that involved marching 60,000 union troops through Georgia from Atlanta to Savannah and destroying everything along there way.

Confederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force

Brave commander of the Confederate Army that led troops at Bull Run. He died in the confusion at the Battle of Chancellorsville.

confederate general who located hooker's forces at chancellorsville

Civil War battle in which the North suceedeed in halting Lee's Confederate forces in Maryland. Was the bloodiest battle of the war resulting in 25,000 casualties

Turning point of the War that made it clear the North would win. 50,000 people died, and the South lost its chance to invade the North.

1863 Union army's blockade of Vicksburg, Mississippi, that led the city to surrender during the Civil War

compulsory enlistment for state service, typically into the armed forces.

in the civil war the states between the north and the south: delaware, mayland, kentucky, and missouri

Proclamation issued by Lincoln, freeing all slaves in areas still at war with the Union.

Famous as the site of the surrender of the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee to Union commander Ulysses S. Grant

Congress passed a law that said that the Senate had to approve of the President firing a cabinet member. This happened when President Johnson tested this law by firing Secretary of War Edwin Stanton without approval

the period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union

After the Civil War, a group that believed the South should be harshly punished and thought that Lincoln was sometimes too compassionate towards the South.

1865 - Agency set up to aid former slaves in adjusting themselves to freedom. It furnished food and clothing to needy blacks and helped them get jobs

Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War

A secret society created by white southerners in 1866 that used terror and violence to keep African Americans from obtaining their civil rights.

Republican

19th president of the united states, was famous for being part of the Hayes-Tilden election in which electoral votes were contested in 4 states, most corrupt election in US history

Compromise that enables Hayes to take office in return for the end of Reconstruction (Military Occupation of South)