Question 1

How did the growth of the railroad industry in the late 1800s impact the US economy?

Accepted Answer

It enabled industries to gain access to new sources of raw materials and new markets.

Answer

It led to a significant decline in government involvement in economic affairs.

Answer

It increased competition in major industries and forced businesses to lower prices.

Answer

It led to increased reliance on foreign trade for materials necessary for industrial expansion.

Question 2

How did the invention of the railroad contribute to a boom in cattle ranching?

Accepted Answer

It became cheaper to transport cattle nationwide, so meat was more affordable and demand increased.

Answer

It became less expensive for workers to travel to work on cattle ranches because they could take trains.

Answer

The price of land in the West plummeted, so ranchers were able to buy huge tracts of land for grazing cattle.

Answer

Land used to graze horses began to be used for cattle as horses became less important for transportation.

Question 3

Why did the US government pass the Homestead Act of 1862?

Accepted Answer

to encourage farmers to improve and maintain unsettled land in the West

Answer

to encourage immigration to the North to change the balance of power in Congress

Answer

to encourage immigrants from Asia to settle throughout the West

Answer

to encourage Northerners to settle in the South after the end of the Civil War

Question 4

The Pacific Railway Act of 1862 was an effort to

Accepted Answer

connect the East and West coasts for the purposes of trade.

Answer

establish lasting peace with American Indian communities.

Answer

resolve sectional tensions that had begun to envelop the country.

Answer

reduce the level of federal involvement in the nation's economy.

Question 5

What led to the Plains Wars during the nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

the encroachment of white settlers on American Indian land

Answer

the killing of Sitting Bull to deter the Ghost Dance movement

Answer

the death of General Custer at the Battle of Little Bighorn

Answer

the forced assimilation of American Indians under the Dawes Act

Question 6

The work of the Wright Brothers impacted American life in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

by stimulating interest in air travel

Answer

by improving farming techniques

Answer

by leading to the development of suburbs

Answer

by allowing laborers to work longer hours

Question 7

Which answer choice represents an effect of one of Thomas Edison's innovations?

Accepted Answer

Factories began operating around-the-clock.

Answer

People began moving outside of cities and traveling to work.

Answer

Stores began doing business with people all over the country.

Answer

Farmers began growing a wider variety of crops.

Question 8

In the decades following Reconstruction, businesses began to realize that they could maximize profits by

Accepted Answer

combining with their competitors into single entities that could dominate a particular market.

Answer

prohibiting discrimination and hiring many African Americans and women.

Answer

encouraging the federal government to nationalize major industries.

Answer

raising wages and increasing benefits so as to incentivize greater effort in the workplace.

Question 9

John D. Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Company achieved financial success by

Accepted Answer

vertically integrating and controlling the entire process of producing and selling petroleum products.

Answer

attracting government investment by producing something essential to the security of the United States.

Answer

building factories outside of the United States to take advantage of lax environmental regulations.

Answer

convincing the most talented people to work for the company by offering higher wages to all workers.

Question 10

What led to new inventions that enabled people to rapidly communicate over long distances and allowed factories to operate after dark in the nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

the discovery of electric current

Answer

the development of steam engines

Answer

the discovery of nuclear energy

Answer

the development of labor specialization

Question 11

Which statement BEST completes the diagram?

Accepted Answer

The United States begins to rapidly industrialize.

Answer

Working conditions improve in the United States.

Answer

Immigration rates decline as jobs become more scarce.

Answer

Rural areas experience significant population growth.

Question 12

How did the development of the assembly line affect the US economy?

Accepted Answer

It led to economic growth because it enabled factories to increase production.

Answer

It led to economic growth because it reduced the time and cost of shipping goods for trade.

Answer

It harmed the economy because it required laborers to be highly skilled to be effective.

Answer

It harmed the economy because it raised the costs associated with producing goods.

Question 13

What primary factor attracted millions of European immigrants to the United States during the late nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

job opportunities in growing industries

Answer

good working and living conditions in cities

Answer

opportunities for greater political participation

Answer

the promise of religious freedom

Question 14

Which statement about immigration to the United States in the late nineteenth century is correct?

Accepted Answer

Immigrants from southern and eastern Europe primarily settled in cities along the East Coast, while Chinese immigrants typically settled in the American West.

Answer

Immigrants from southern and eastern Europe primarily settled in cities along the East Coast, while Chinese immigrants typically settled in rural areas of the South.

Answer

Immigrants from southern and eastern Europe primarily settled in cities along the West Coast, while Chinese immigrants typically settled in northern cities.

Answer

Immigrants from southern and eastern Europe primarily settled in cities along the West Coast, while Chinese immigrants typically settled in the Midwest.

Question 15

In the mid-1800s, many immigrants from Ireland were processed at Ellis Island. Why did most of these immigrants leave their homes and come to the United States?

Accepted Answer

They wanted to find work on the East Coast and escape famine in Ireland.

Answer

They wanted to fight in the Civil War and help slaves gain their freedom.

Answer

They wanted to mine for gold in the West and send money back to their families.

Answer

They wanted to freely practice their religion and escape persecution in Ireland.

Question 16

In what way was the establishment of ethnic neighborhoods in cities during the early twentieth century a response to nativism?

Accepted Answer

Ethnic neighborhoods allowed immigrants from the same country to preserve the language and customs of their homelands.

Answer

Local governments established ethnic neighborhoods to enable immigrants to impact local politics via the voting process.

Answer

Ethnic neighborhoods enabled immigrants to assimilate into mainstream American culture.

Answer

The federal government established ethnic neighborhoods to protect new immigrants from violence.

Question 17

Which group is BEST described in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

southern and eastern Europeans who arrived in the United States in the late 1800s and early 1900s

Answer

immigrants from East Asia driven to migrate to the United States by the Gold Rush in the mid-1800s

Answer

northern and western Europeans driven to migrate to the United States by the Gold Rush in the mid-1800s

Answer

immigrants from South Asia who arrived in the United States in the late 1800s and early 1900s

Question 18

Based on the newspaper headline concerning the renewal of the Chinese Exclusion Act, it can be concluded that the president supported

Accepted Answer

nativism and economic protectionism.

Answer

dollar diplomacy and maintaining isolationism.

Answer

labor unions and improving working conditions.

Answer

free trade and the Open Door Policy.

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