WS Chapter 2 Vocab

Eastern half of the Roman Empire that survived the fall of the Western half; preserved western knowledge; halted Muslim advance into Russia

Muslim god; Arabic for "the god"

Muslim empire that experienced a "golden age" where they focused on knowledge instead of conquest

Muhammad's army defeated the people of Mecca; this victory was seen as Allah's divine approval of Muhammad's teachings.

Capital of Abbasid dynasty located in Iraq

Islamic leader; Political leader of Sunni Muslims

An ancient city in the eastern half of the Roman Empire that became the capital of the Byzantine Empire

Ruler of the Franks who pushed back Muslims expansion during the Battle of the Tours

Syrian city that was capital of Umayyad caliphate

true Muslims were expected to follow (principle of Salvation): belief in Allah, pray 5 times a day, giving of alms, fasting during Ramadan, pilgrimage to Mecca once in a lifetime

Muhammad's journey from Mecca to Medina

an Islamic holy book; The sayings and stories of Muhammad that are meant to form guidance for living out religion

political & religious leader of Shiite Muslims; religious leader of Sunni Muslims

unbeliever; one who does not practice Islamic faith

the stone cubical structure in the courtyard of the Great Mosque of Mecca