Assertion  -    Organizing  has  the  same   importance  for  management  as  a  structure  of  bones  in  a  human  body.

Reason - Organization is one of the most important function of the management.

Assertion - Formal organization is based on rules and procedures.

Reason - Formal organization is not  based on division of work

Assertion - Managers should treat their subordinates in a just and kind manner.

Reason - The  employees    remain   satisfied.

Assertion - Organizing is a means for translating plans into Action.

Reason - Organizing ensures that efforts are directed towards  the  attainment    of  goals  laid  down  in  the  planning. 

Assertion - The work must be assigned  to those who are best fitted to perform it well as per one of the steps of organizing.

Reason  -  It  is  essential  for  effective   performance.

Assertion - Staffing is a managerial function.

Reason - Staffing is a continuous process

Assertion - Promotion is included  in internal sources of recruitment.

Reason - Direct recruitment is one of the main  external sources of recruitment.

Assertion - Training  is essential for all employees.

Reason - Training is a process after recruitment.

Assertion - Human  Resource   Management  includes  many  specialized  activities  and duties.

Reason  -  When  staffing  function  is  carried  on  at  a  large  scale ,  it  becomes  Human  Resources  Management.

Assertion - There  are  mainly  two  sources  of  recruitment  [a] Internal  sources  [b] External  sources..

Reason  -  Recruitment  refers  to  selecting  most  suitable  candidate  to  perform  the  job.

Assertion(A): Informal Communication arises from the social interaction of people.

Reason (R): The information system of communication is generally referred to as the Grapevine.

Assertion(A): Job Security often makes people complacent and they do not perform efficiently.

Reason(R): There is no risk of job in case of Job Security.

Assertion(A): Motivation can be forced on employees.

Reason (R): The internal feelings influence human behaviour to act in particular manner.

Assertion - Leader refers to that person who has no ability to influence others.

Reason - Communication skill is must for a good leader.

Assertion  -  Communication  involves  at  least  two  persons :  One who  sends  the   message  and  the  second  who  receives  the message.

Reason  :  Communication  may  lead  to  generation  of  rumours  in  the  organization.

Assertion : Planning is the first function and controlling is the last function of managerial process.

Reason: Planning is the last function and controlling is the first function of managerial process.

Assertion:   Controlling is the last but the most important function of management.

Reason:     Controlling is a continuous activity.

Assertion: Controlling is a primary function of management.

Reason:   Controlling is not applicable on all management levels.

Assertion: Controlling aims to ensure that resources are used effectively and efficiently to achieve predetermined goals.

Reason: Controlling is both a backward looking as well as forward looking function.

Assertion:   Controlling helps to reduce wastage and spoilage of resources.

Reason: An efficient control system creates an atmosphere of order and discipline in the organization.

Assertion: The process by which a manager synchronizes the activities of different departments is known as-coordination.

Reason:Coordination is the force that binds all other functions of management.

Assertion: Coordination ensures unity of action.

Reason:Coordination is a deliberate function.

Assertion: Coordination is the essence of management.

Reason:Coordination is implicit and inherent in all functions of an organization.

Assertion: Coordination is not a one time function but a continuous process.

Reason:    Coordination begins at the directing stage and continues till controlling.

Assertion: Coordination integrates the efforts of different departments and different levels.

Reason: Coordination is required at all levels of management due to the interdependent nature of activities of various departments.

Assertion - The firm's task is to find out the best setting for its marketing decision variables..

Reason - Above setting constitute its marketing mix.

Assertion - There is no difference between marketing and selling.

Reason - There is a difference between marketing and selling.

Assertion:   As per the product concept of marketing, the emphasis of the firms shifted from quantity of production to quality of products.

Reason:       With the  decrease in supply  of    products, customers  started  looking for  products  which were superior in quality.

Assertion - As per the product, concept of  marketing,  the  emphasis  of  the  firms  shifted  from  quantity  of  production  to  quality  of  products.

Reason  -  With  the  decrease  in  supply  of  products,  customers  started  looking  for  products  which  were  superior  in   quality.

Assertion - The production concept  of marketing  was believed that profit could be maximized by producing at large scale.

Reason: During the earlier days of the industrial revolution the demand exceeded the supply.

Assertion:         The process of marketing works through   the  ‘exchange mechanism’.

Reason:         The individuals cannot obtain what    they need and want through the process of exchange.

Assertion:         A good ‘Market Offer’ is the one which  is  developed    after  analyzing   

            the needs and preferences of the potential buyers.

Reason:          A product will be purchased only if it is perceived to be giving greatest benefit or value for the money.

Assertion:          A ‘need’ is a state  of  felt  deprivation  or feeling of  being  deprived of something.

Reason:               On getting hungry, we become uncomfortable and start looking for objects that are capable of satisfying our hunger.

Assertion: Three-tier redressal agencies are available under Consumer Protection Act.

Reason: Consumer Protection Act, 2019 is an important legislation of the government to provide protection to the affected consumer.

Assertion: Main object of consumer protection is to prevent customer from fraud.

Reason:      Consumer protection educates consumers also.

Assertion: To protect the consumers against the unfair practices of the producers and sellers is called consumer protection.

Reason: Protection of the economic interest of the consumer is consumer protection.

Assertion:     Consumer should look at the price,quality of the products as well as the guarantee of the product and services.

Reason:      Consumer should purchase quality marked product such as ISI, Agmark, Hallmark etc.

Assertion: In the direction of consumer protection, the Indian Government has taken a major step in 1986 and enacted the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 which was amended in 2019 which is popularly known as COPRA. It has 3 tier Judicial Machinery.

Reason:Under COPRA, a three-tier quasi-judicial machinery at the district, state and national levels which was set up for redressal of consumer of disputes.

Assertion - Three - tier redressal agencies are available under Consumer Protection Act.

Reason - Consumer Protection Act 2019 is an important legislation of the  government  to provide protection to the affected consumer.

Assertion - Main object of consumer protection is to prevent customer from fraud

Reason - Consumer protection educates consumers also.

Assertion - To  protect  the  consumers  against  the  unfair  practices  of   the  producers  and  sellers is  called  consumer  protection.

Reason  -  Protection  of   the  economic  interest  of  the  consumer  is consumer  protection.