the blanket of gases that surrounds our planet

The lower layer of the atmosphere; name denotes "same" or "uniform" referring to the continuity of gases it contains

the gaseous form of water; most abundant greenhouse gas

a relatively scarce type of oxygen molecule in which three oxygen atoms are bonded together; filters UV light for planet earth

gas that is vital to humans and most animal life

gas that is vital to most plants

Gases that help give the earth a mild and stable climate

the boundary or transitional zone between the lower and upper atmospheres

The upper layer of earth's atmosphere; name denotes "different" due to its layers of isolated gases

the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, where weather occurs

steady change in temperature

The second-lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere; strong steady winds but few changes in weather; highest point at which jets can fly

Protective layer in atmosphere that shields earth from UV radiation.

The three varieties of ultraviolet radiation that the sun emits:

less harmful form of UV light from the sun; travels uninterrupted through Earth's atmosphere

The rays of the sun that cause sunburns and tanning; partially absorbed in the atmosphere

UV rays that are completely absorbed by the ozone layer; the most harmful form of UV light

3rd layer of the atmosphere; "middle" or "between"

The coldest point in the atmosphere

The second to last layer of Earth's atmosphere; hottest layer of the atmosphere; name means "heat"

the upper boundary of the thermosphere

the outermost layer of the atmosphere; widespread hydrogen atoms are the only gases here

extremely powerful radiation that comes from deep space

a special state of matter made up of a mixture of electrons and positive ions

Layer of the atmosphere made of electrically charged particles in the thermosphere that absorbs AM radio waves during the day and reflects them back at night.

the invisible force, known as magnetism, is concentrated at two points known as...

the region in which the magnet affects other objects

lines that exit one pole and enter the other

The region of Earth's magnetic field that is influence by the solar wind.

the outer boundary of the magnetosphere

a beautiful display of light in the sky that come from interactions between particles from the sun's atmosphere and gases in the ionosphere.

the northern auroras; Northern Lights

Aurora in the Southern Hemisphere

two vast, doughnut-shaped belts of high-speed charged particles

the pressure caused by the weight of the atmosphere

Metric unit of atmospheric pressure

transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves

waves that include radio waves and waves of light

the ratio of the light reflected by an object to the solar radiation that strikes it

Solar energy that reaches the earth

Measures the amount of energy something gains, loses or uses per second.

what percent of solar radiation reaches the planet?

Match the factors with their effect.

the amount of energy available to heat the earth's land, water, and air

the process of trapping heat in the earth's atmosphere

collective name for the gases in the atmosphere that trap heat (such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and others)

Takes longer to heat up and holds heat longer

the transfer of heat by direct contact between two objects

heat transfer by the movement of hot air (or other fluid)

currents set into motion by the process of convection; causes most of earth's weather in the troposphere

Two movements of air that cause a horizontal rotation of air to shift to a vertical column of rotating air (up or down)

horizontal movements of air due to differences in air pressures over different regions

the heating effect of increased pressure on air as it sinks toward the surface of Earth and decreases in volume

the cooling effect of reduced pressure on air as it rises higher in the atmosphere and expands

When a body of air rises, its temperature should change in what way?

When hot air rises it creates a region of what kind of pressure near the ground?

when cool air sinks down closer to the ground it creates a region of what pressure near the ground

if allowed air will always flow from a region of ____ pressure to ___ pressure

What is a complete loop of circulating air that starts with warm air rising away from the equator then flowing back down towards the equator or descends over the poles then flows back upward and towards the poles? (One more of these occurs in between the first two.)

the convection cell that exists between the equator and 30 degrees (north and south)

a cell of newly warmed air that rises towards the poles after being called and sinking lower is called

a convection cell that surface winds blow towards th poles from latitude 30 to 60 a d high-altitude winds blow toward the equator from latitude 60 to 30

the way that the earth's rotation causes a change in a wind's course is known as the

the tendency of matter to stay at rest if at rest or to continue moving if in motion

Match the circular wind with its correct direction.

Which way do cyclones travel in the northern hemisphere and in the southern hemisphere? (reverse of anticyclone)

a place where northern and southern winds converge and rise at a region of low pressure

The latitudes of high pressure and very soft winds that could leave sailors abandoned at sea for days or weeks (nicknamed the doldrums or the calms)

surface winds that blow uo from the high-pressure regions of the horse latitudes toward the equator

The latitudes in or near where are most of the worlds deserts located

How do scientists name winds? (Example: A southwest wind is named according to what feature?)

What winds lag behind the rotation of the earth due to the Coriolis effect and generally start in the colder eastern polar regions?

high speed, concentrated winds that are meandering bands of rapidly moving air in the upper troposphere; used by high speed airplanes for international travel

a seasonal change of wind direction

winds that reverse their direction from season to season

constantly blowing cooler air from over the water that blows inland during the afternoon producing a gentle breeze called what

wind that is caused to blow from land to sea because of a change in pressure

wind that is caused in the forest by the moving out of hot air and moving in of colder air under the trees

daytime upslope winds caused by heating of air near the surface

downslope wind caused by cooling of air near the slope

a wind that occurs when a large amount of dense, cold air "spills" over a mountain range like a dam and is pulled form higher elevation to lower elevation due to gravity forming very high speed winds; causes the Mistral in southern France

warm, dry winds that travel down mountain slopes; can cause drought and danger of wildfires

a well-known wind that is similar to the foehn that is a very dry and often dusty wind that blows in Southern California