AP Exam Prep (Units 5-7)

Commercial agriculture characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations.

The domestication of plants and animals and the resulting start of a sedentary society (also called the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution).

The cultivation of animals, plants, fungi and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life.

Taming of animals for selling or using byproducts (the Fertile Crescent had cow, horses, pigs, and sheep, and therefore a comparative advantage over other early culture hearths).

Raising marine and freshwater fish in ponds and underwater cages.

A related influenced on patterns of settlement and land use that delineates property lines. Adopted in places where settlement could be regulated by law.

Farm that makes heavy use of machinery in the farm in process.

Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm.

The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil.

An agricultural activity involving the raising of livestock, most commonly cows and goats, for dairy products such as milk, cheese, and butter.

Degradation of land, especially in semiarid areas, primarily because of human actions like excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting.

Harvesting twice a year from the same field.

The 18th century privatization of common lands in England, which contributed to the increase in population and the rise of industrialization.

Using a large amount of land to farm food for the farmer's family to eat.

A severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death.