Question 1

What are the benefits & detriments of genetic engineering?

Question 2

Match the following genotype names to the letter combinations:

Question 3

Which of the following would be a phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Yellow color

Answer

AA x YY

Answer

Heterozygous

Answer

DD

Question 4

What is a zygote?

Accepted Answer

the stage of development with  an egg is fertilized by Pollen/sperm

Answer

Pollen only

Answer

The stage of development when the structures of the offspring are fully developed.

Answer

Egg only

Question 5

Using the colors Black and White & Crossing 2 Heterozygous Parents,  Match the Mode of Inheritance with the Phenotype Choices.

Question 6

For Completely Dominant traits in a  Monohybrid cross, a cross between 2 Heterozygous parents always produces what phenotype results:

Accepted Answer

75% show Dominant, 25% show Recessive

Answer

100% recessive

Answer

50% Dominant, 50% recessive

Answer

100% Dominant

Question 7

In a Complete Dominant Dihybrid cross (16 squares), a cross between 2 parents that are both Heterozygous for Both traits always produces what chance of the offspring showing both dominant traits?

Accepted Answer

9 out of 16 showing

Answer

6:16 split between

Answer

3:16 split

Answer

1 out of 16 showing

Question 8

In a Complete Dominant Hybrid Cross (16 squares), R is dominant for round,   r   is recessive for wrinkled. T is dominant for yellow, t is recessive for green.    Which sets of parents would produce offspring that are wrinkled and green at the same time?

Accepted Answer

RrTt x rrTt

Answer

RRTT   x   rrtt

Answer

RRtt  x   RRtt

Answer

RrTT  x  rrtt

Question 9

What process did Mendel use to make his conclusion about genetics?

Accepted Answer

Math, Statistics, and very accurate records.

Answer

Computer analysis

Question 10

When scientists make changes in the DNA genetic code, this is known as:

Accepted Answer

Genetic Engineering

Answer

Artificial Selection

Answer

Mutations

Answer

Polygenic Transmission

Question 11

What process is shown in this picture:

Accepted Answer

Making Recombinant DNA  and/or making a transgenic organism.

Answer

Changing transgenic organisms back into the original organissm

Answer

The creation of a zygote

Answer

Natural Selection of the bacteria to survive

Question 12

Why are bacteria typically used as GMO's to make Human Growth Factor and Insulin?

Accepted Answer

They are simple and reproduce quickly so a lot of hormones can be made quickly.

Answer

They don't have a nucleus so it's easier to get the DNA out.

Answer

Bacteria are very hardy and hard to kill.

Answer

Bacteria are highly complex so the hormones made are very accurate.

Question 13

What is the only way for new genes that have never existed in your heritage to appear.

Accepted Answer

Mutations

Answer

Gradualism

Answer

Artficial Selection

Answer

Natural Selection

Question 14

Match the following process with the name:

Question 15

A normal female is shown by what karyotype:

Accepted Answer

46XX

Answer

46XY

Answer

47XY

Answer

47XXX

Question 16

Which of the following disorders occurs when males inherit an extra female chromosome making them sterile?

Accepted Answer

Klinefelter's disease

Answer

Edward's Syndrome

Answer

Turner's Syndrome

Answer

Down's syndrome.

Question 17

What disorder occurs when a female inherits 1 female chromosome instead of 2?

Accepted Answer

Turner's Syndrome

Answer

Klinefelter's Syndrome

Answer

Edward's Syndrome

Answer

Down's Syndrome

Question 18

What disorder is shown by the Karyotype above?

Accepted Answer

Female with Down's Syndrome

Answer

Female with Turner's Syndrome

Answer

Male with Klinefelter's Syndrome

Answer

Male with Down's Syndrome

Question 19

What process causes polyploidy where organisms are born with the incorrect number of chromosomes

Accepted Answer

Nondisjunction

Answer

Natural Selection

Answer

Artificial Selection

Answer

Eugenics

Question 20

In a Complete Dominant Dihybrid cross (16 squares), a cross between 2 parents that are both Heterozygous for Both traits always produces what chance of the offspring showing both recessive traits?

Accepted Answer

1 out of 16

Answer

8 out of 16

Answer

3 out of 16

Answer

9 out of 16

Question 21

The image above shows what pattern  of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Codominant

Answer

Incomplete Dominant

Answer

Sex-Link Inheritance

Answer

Complete Dominant

Question 22

What mode of inheritance is shown by the picture

Accepted Answer

Incomplete Dominance

Answer

Codominance

Answer

Complete Dominance

Answer

Sex-Linked Inheritance

Question 23

Which of the following is true concerning blood types?

Accepted Answer

Type O blood can be given to anyone, but can only receive type O blood.

Answer

Type A blood is dominant and Type B and Type O blood  are both recessive.

Answer

Type AB blood can receive blood from anyone and can also be given to anyone

Answer

Type O blood can  only be given to O type blood, but can receive blood from any blood type.

Question 24

The best way showing  support of Mendel's Principle of Segregation is:

Accepted Answer

Offspring from 2 heterozygous parents will have some offspring showing the dominant trait and some offspring the recessive trait.

Answer

Offspring from 2 Heterozygous Parents will all show the recessive trait.

Answer

Offspring from 2 Heterozygous Parents will all show the dominant trait.

Answer

A cross between 2 Heterozygous Parents will have female offspring that shows the Dominant trait, and male offspring that shows the recessive trait.

Question 25

Which statement is NOT true about cloned organisms?

Accepted Answer

The DNA must come from a sex cell.

Answer

The DNA must come from a body cell.

Answer

The offspring have to be identical to the DNA donor.

Answer

Clones are made through asexual reproduction.

Question 26

Albinism is a recessive genetic disorder.  Albinos lack all pigmentation in their skin and eyes.  A normal male reproduces with an albino female and they have 3 children.  2 of the children are normal skinned and 1 is albino.  Which of the following statements is true about the children.

Accepted Answer

The normal children each inherited a recessive albino gene from the mother.

Answer

The normal children did not inherit an albino gene from the mother, but the albino child did.

Answer

The albino child experience a mutation after the zygote was formed.

Answer

The albino child  only inherited genes from the mother for skin color, none from the father.

Question 27

DNA formed from 2 or more different species of organisms is called:

Accepted Answer

recombinant DNA

Answer

Restriction DNA

Answer

Ribosomal DNA

Answer

Retroactive DNA

Question 28

Which of the following statements is true regarding an organism showing the recessive phenotype?

Accepted Answer

They had to get a recessive gene from both parents.

Answer

They will display a codominant trait.

Answer

They are not able to pass any recessive genes on.

Answer

They only had to get a recessive gene from one parent.

Question 29

Which of the following is a transgenic organism?

Accepted Answer

A species of corn that has received DNA from  bacteria to help it reproduce faster.

Answer

An apple tree branch grafted with a pear tree  that then allows the pear tree to grow apples.

Answer

An organism created from a cloned body cell.

Answer

A new breed of dog created from the sexual reproduction of 2 different species of dogs.

Question 30

What process was the very first gene sequencing technique where it will "write" down the whole DNA sequence code of an organism?

Accepted Answer

Sanger Sequencing

Answer

CRISPR Technology

Answer

Synthetic Biology

Answer

Gene Therapy

Question 31

Mendel's Principle or Law of Independent Assortment states that

Accepted Answer

Alleles for different traits go to separate gametes during the the process of meiosis, meaning most traits are not linked, you can be a combination of different traits.

Answer

Some alleles and genes are Dominant and stronger, and some alleles and genes are Recessive and weaker.

Answer

Alleles for different traits stay together and go to the same gametes during the process of meiosis, meaning most traits are linked together-when you get one you automatically get the other. .

Answer

Alleles on the father's genes are stronger than the alleles on the mother's genes.

Question 32

Which statement is true about the genetic makeup of all sexually reproduced organisms?

Accepted Answer

For each trait, they got 1 gene from each parent, regardless of if they show dominant or recessive.

Answer

They only need 1 copy of the recessive gene to show a recessive trait.

Answer

To show a dominant trait they had to get a dominant gene from each parent.

Answer

The dominant genes tend to come from the mother's chromosomes.

Question 33

Which of the following is true concerning blood types?

Accepted Answer

Homozygous Dominant pApA and and Heterozygous Carrier pApi would both show A type blood because A is Dominant to O.

Answer

Type A blood is dominant and Type B and Type O blood  are both recessive.

Answer

Type AB blood can receive blood from anyone and can also be given to anyone

Answer

Type O blood can  only be given to O type blood, but can receive blood from any blood type.

Question 34

Can an AB parent ever have a child that shows O type blood?

Accepted Answer

No because they will either give them the A gene or the B gene, and they don't carry a 3rd blood gene.

Answer

Yes because O is dominant and will override the A & B.

Answer

Yes if the other parent is O type blood because blood genes only come from one parent.

Question 35

What is the purpose of a test cross?

Accepted Answer

To determine the genotype (Homozygous Dominant or heterozygous) of an organism that is showing the dominant phenotype.

Answer

To determine if an organism is homozygous recessive.

Answer

To determine which parents genes are stronger.

Answer

To determine if genes only come from 1 parent and not both.

Question 36

Mendel's Principle or Law of Dominance states:

Accepted Answer

In cases where 2 different forms of an allele or gene exists, Some genes are Dominant and Stronger, and some genes are recessive and weaker.

Answer

Different forms of the genes/alleles separate independently when gametes are formed.

Answer

Alleles on the father's genes are stronger than the alleles on the mother's genes.

Answer

Alleles for different traits stay together and go to the same gametes during the process of meiosis, meaning most traits are linked together-when you get one you automatically get the other. .

Question 37

What is true about gene therapy?

Accepted Answer

Viruses are used to deliver a correct gene to cells which then overpowers the defective gene in the cell, correcting the symptoms.

Answer

Defective genes are removed from the cell.

Answer

The DNA sequences are extracted, corrected, and then replaced in all cells to fix the disease.

Answer

Organisms with diseases are crossed with normal organisms to correct the disease.

Question 38

Different forms of a gene are called

Accepted Answer

alleles

Answer

centromeres

Answer

Chromosomes

Answer

chromatids

Question 39

What gametes can be made from the following Dihibrid Parent? BbWw

Accepted Answer

BW, Bw, bW, bw

Answer

BB, WW, bw, BW

Answer

BW, bw

Answer

Bw, bW

Question 40

Which of the following is an example of recombinant DNA?

Accepted Answer

Viruses that have had human genes inserted into their DNA to use in Gene Therapy.

Answer

Yellow tomato plants that have been crossed with red tomato plants.

Answer

A cloned nucleus removed from the body cell of a horse.

Answer

A Labrador dog bred to a Poodle dog.

Question 41

What is synthetic Biology?

Accepted Answer

creating new enzymes, or proteins that have never existed before, or changing existing proteins or organisms to serve a different purpose than their original purpose.

Answer

Planting one type of apple tree with another type of apple tree.

Answer

Using restriction enzymes to cut out certain genes in a section of DNA.

Answer

DNA Ligase Gluing the sides of the DNA Double Helix back together.

Question 42

When a transgenic/GMO fungi has Human Insulin DNA inserted into it, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The fungi will produce human insulin.

Answer

The fungi will be a destroyed.

Answer

It will become a new species of fungi.

Answer

It will no longer be considered a fungi.

Question 43

Which of the following does the SOL test count correct as a Heterozygous/Carrier?

Accepted Answer

Rr

Answer

RR

Answer

rR

Answer

rr

Question 44

Which of Mendel's laws explain 2 heterozygous parents having some offspring show dominant and some show recessive?

Accepted Answer

Law of Segregation

Answer

Law of Independent Assortment

Answer

Law of Incomplete Dominance

Question 45

In a Dihybrid cross which of Mendel's laws explains 2 Parents Heterozygous for both traits having offspring with all 4 combinations of Round and Yellow, Round and Green, Wrinkled and Yellow, Wrinkled and Green?

Accepted Answer

Law of Independent Assortment

Answer

Law of Incomplete Dominance

Answer

Law of Segregation

Question 46

In a pedigree chart where some children show a dominant trait and other children show a recessive trait, what does that mean for the parent organisms?

Accepted Answer

One or both parents are heterozygous carriers.

Answer

The genes came from the homozygous recessive parent.

Answer

One parent is Homozygous dominant.

Answer

The recessive children got a dominant gene from each parent

Question 47

Which of the following would show O type blood?

Accepted Answer

i i

Answer

Ai

Answer

Bi

Answer

AB

Question 48

Which of the following disorders is a Trisomy disorder where an organism has 3 copies of a specific chromosome

Accepted Answer

An organism has 3 copies of a specific chromosome.

Answer

An organism has 1 copy of a chromosome.

Answer

An organism has 2 copies of a specific chromosome.

Question 49

Which of the following statesments is true regarding genetics

Accepted Answer

A parent with the Homozygous Dominant genotype (DD) will never produce a recessive offspring.

Answer

A recessive offspring only gets the genes from 1 parent.

Answer

Two parents showing the dominant PHENOTYPE (not genotype) will never have recessive offspring

Answer

Two recessive parents can produce a dominant child.

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