Question 1

Which suspect is linked to the crime scene by this DNA analysis?

Accepted Answer

Suspect C

Answer

Suspect A

Answer

Suspect B

Answer

Suspect D

Question 2

Bacteria cells can be used to produce insulin for the treatment of diabetes in humans. Which best explains how the bacteria cells are able to produce insulin for humans?

Accepted Answer

The bacteria have been genetically engineered to contain the DNA needed to produce insulin.

Answer

The bacteria have been grown on a petri dish containing sugar; the bacteria produce insulin in response to the sugar.

Answer

The bacteria have been grown on a petri dish containing insulin.

Answer

The bacteria have been exposed to radioactivity to create mutant strains capable of producing insulin.

Question 3

____ are produced when DNA from another species is inserted into the genome of an organism, which then begins to produce the protein encoded on the recombinant DNA.

Accepted Answer

transgenic organisms

Answer

plasmids

Answer

vectors

Answer

gene guns

Question 4

Which two bear species are most closely related?

Accepted Answer

Bear 1 and Bear 3

Answer

Bear 2 and Bear 3

Answer

Bear 1 and Bear 2

Answer

There’s no way to tell

Question 5

Mr. Jones was killed in a car accident.  Afterwards, a former girlfriend filed a paternity suit claiming that Mr. Jones was the father of her child, and thus she was entitled to the man’s estate.  Which sample of DNA would have to be from Mr. Jones if he were the child’s father?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

5

Answer

2

Answer

3

Question 6

Which of the following statements best explains why some mosquitoes survived after the first spraying?

Accepted Answer

Some mosquitoes had a genetic mutation that made them resistant to the insecticide

Answer

All mosquitoes had a genetic mutation that made them resistant to the insecticide

Answer

None of the mosquitoes had a genetic mutation that made them resistant to the pesticide

Answer

Mosquitoes flew in from different areas to help out

Question 7

Genetic engineering is the artificial manipulation, modification, and recombination of what class of naturally occurring chemical compound?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Answer

Phosphates

Answer

Amino acids

Answer

Lipids

Question 8

Lamarck’s ideas about evolution include the concept that differences among the traits of organisms arise as a result of

Accepted Answer

the actions of organisms as they use or fail to use body structures.

Answer

he natural variations already present within the population of organisms.

Answer

an unchanging local environment.

Answer

continual increases in population size.

Question 9

Sickle-cell anemia is associated with a mutation in the red blood cells that changes the shape. Scientists think this is an evolutionary response to exposure to malaria. People who are heterozygous for this allele are less likely to get malaria if they are bitten by a mosquito carrying the disease. This change in variation is called a..

Accepted Answer

Mutation

Answer

Response

Answer

Phenotype

Answer

Migration

Question 10

Antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria are on the increase, according to data from the Center for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta. Which of the following best provides a description for antibiotic resistance?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Answer

Drug failure

Answer

Sexual reproduction

Answer

Changes in the whole DNA

Question 11

A study published by a team led by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) revealed the movement of polar bears toward areas with more persistent sea ice. The researchers defined four general polar bear population clusters: Eastern Polar Basin, Western Polar Basin, Canadian Archipelago, and Southern Canada. By looking at the genes of the polar bears, they found that the polar bears have recently begun to move in a northward direction, from Southern Canada and Eastern Polar Basin into the Canadian Archipelago. The team of researchers hypothesized that the Canadian Archipelago will be a future refuge for polar bears if climate change continues to trend toward a warmer climate.

Accepted Answer

gene flow

Answer

variation

Answer

mutation

Answer

genetic modification

Question 12

It has been observed that organisms on islands are different from, but closely related to, similar forms found on the nearest continent.  This is taken as evidence that ...

Accepted Answer

island forms are descended from a common ancestor from the mainland.

Answer

island forms and mainland forms have identical gene pools.

Answer

common environments are inhabited by the same organisms.

Answer

the island forms and mainland forms are converging.

Question 13

Which of the following evolutionary forces can introduce new genetic variation into a population?

Accepted Answer

mutation and gene flow

Answer

natural selection and non-random mating

Answer

natural selection and genetic drift

Answer

mutation and genetic drift

Question 14

Which statement correctly explains how resistance to penicillin appeared after a few years of its widespread use to fight bacterial infection?

Accepted Answer

some bacteria were resistant to penicillin and their population spread rapidly, without competition from bacteria that were killed by penicillin

Answer

penicillin never really successfully wiped out populations of bacteria, scientist did not use proper controls in their studies

Answer

in order to survive exposure to penicillin, bacteria developed a resistance to the drug

Answer

a few bacteria became resistant to penicillin, and through sexual reproduction , most bacteria acquired the resistance

Question 15

Which of the following statements about gametes are true?

I. In sexual reproduction, each parent provides genetic material for the formation of either an egg or a sperm cell.

II. Gametes are produced by mitosis.

III. If a sexually reproducing organism is diploid, the gametes are haploid.

Accepted Answer

I and III

Answer

I and II

Answer

II and III

Answer

I, II, and III

Question 16

A gardener noticed that the offspring of his strawberry plants looked identical, while all of the flowering plants looked different. Which is likely true of the plants?

Accepted Answer

The strawberries reproduced asexually, while the flowering plants reproduced sexually.

Answer

Both the strawberries and flowering plants reproduced asexually.

Answer

The strawberries reproduced sexually, while the flowering plants reproduced asexually.

Answer

Both the strawberries and flowering plants reproduced sexually

Question 17

Scientists suggest that ________ has occurred through a process called ________.

Accepted Answer

evolution/natural selection

Answer

evolution/differentiation

Answer

homeostasis/reproduction

Answer

natural selection/homeostasis

Question 18

Based on the illustration	above,	what do the similarities between human and chimpanzee hands and feet suggest about the two different organisms?

Accepted Answer

Humans and chimpanzees both	developed five digits on their hands	and feet, suggesting they have a common	ancestor.

Answer

Humans and chimpanzees both have thumbs, proving they eat similar foods like	meat, nuts, and vegetation.

Answer

Chimpanzees and	humans both have similar hands for grasping, proving they make and use complex	tools.

Answer

Chimpanzees and humans both have hands and feet adapted for walking upright, showing they have identical DNA.

Question 19

Which of the following is a reason for DNA replication in skin cells?

Accepted Answer

to produce identical daughter skin cells

Answer

to enable the skin cells to make more proteins

Answer

to allow the skin cells to adapt to a changing  environment

Answer

to ensure daughter skin cells will have higher genetic diversity

Question 20

A plant species growing along a coast produces seeds with fluffy hair-like fibers on one end. A seed from one of the plants is shown in the picture. Some of these seeds were dispersed by the wind to islands off the coast, where new plants grew. Within 10 years, the seeds of the island plants were different from the seeds of the mainland plants.
Compared to the mainland seeds, the island seeds were heavier and had shorter hair-like fibers. Which of the following statements best explains why heavier seeds with shorter fibers were favored in the island environment?

Accepted Answer

These seeds were less likely to be blown off the island by wind.

Answer

The island plants used more energy
to produce heavy seeds than to grow.

Answer

These seeds carried more genes than the  mainland seeds did.

Answer

The island plants  needed to prevent
animals from eating the seeds.

Question 21

A researcher is studying a sample of cells taken from an organism found in the Arctic Ocean. The researcher makes the following observations about the cells:                                  • They do not make their own food.
• They each have a nucleus.
• They do not have cell walls.                                                                                                                         
Based on these observations, the organism should be classified as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

an animal cell

Answer

a fungus cell

Answer

a bacteria cell

Answer

a plant cell

Question 22

Male pistol shrimps with protective eye tissue pockets are able to mate more successfully with female pistol shrimps.  However, some pistol shrimp within a population do not have eye tissue pockets. What role will natural selection most likely have in the frequency of the alleles responsible for the presence of tissue pockets in the shrimp population over time?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection will increase the allele frequency for tissue pockets because they are
beneficial to the shrimp.

Answer

Natural selection will lead to the extinction of the shrimp species over time because the tissue pockets could cause poor vision.

Answer

Natural selection will not affect the allele frequency for tissue pockets because the trait is only in a few organisms.

Answer

Natural selection will decrease the allele frequency for tissue pockets because they are beneficial to the shrimp.

Question 23

In the European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), implantation of embryos after breeding are delayed.  The roe deer breed in July or August but do not give birth until the following May or June.  From summer to late December, the embryo rest in a state of dormancy (so the pregnancy is stopped).  In late December or early January, the embryo sends a signal that causes the female to release hormones, allowing the embryo to continue to develop normally (allowing the pregnancy to start again).   Why is delayed implantation an advantageous adaptation for the European roe deer?

Accepted Answer

Without delayed implantation, the fawns would be born in the winter when food is scarce and the weather is harsh, thus many would probably not survive.

Answer

Delayed implantation allows the mother to continue to breed with other males.

Answer

Delayed implantation enables the female to give birth to more fawns each year.

Answer

Without delayed implantation, the females would not be able to carry the pregnancy to full term.

Question 24

Mutations that occur in skin or lung cells have little effect on the evolution of a species because mutations in these cells

Accepted Answer

cannot be passed on to their offspring

Answer

usually lead to death of an organism

Answer

are usually beneficial to the organism

Answer

lead to more serious mutations in their offspring

Question 25

Prior to the industrial revolution, black-bodied peppered moths were rare with the predominant population being light in color.  In the early 1800s, moth populations in "clean" forests were white-bodied while the soot-darkened forest of Industrial cities were black-bodied.  Which of the following is supported by the data.

Accepted Answer

Black-bodied peppered moths were selected against by the "clean" area forest

Answer

White-bodied peppered moths were selected against by the "clean" area forest

Answer

Both black and white bodied moths did equally well in the "clean" area forest

Answer

Black-bodied peppered moths were naturally selected for by the "clean" area forest

Question 26

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can be a serious threat to human health. There is evidence that S. aureus bacterial infections are common in hospitals and that MRSA have become resistant to other antibiotics besides methicillin. This suggests that the rapid evolution of resistance in the bacteria poses a serious public-health challenge. Which of the following best explains the ability of MRSA to evade existing drug therapies?

Accepted Answer

MRSA exchange genetic material with other antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which can spread resistance in the S. aureus population.

Answer

MRSA metabolize many drugs in their lysosomes and therefore evolve resistance at a high rate.

Answer

MRSA develop new alleles by intentionally introducing mutations so they can take over as the dominant bacteria.

Answer

MRSA have a slow reproduction rate and very large populations.

Question 27

Which statement correctly explains how resistance to penicillin appeared after a few years of its widespread use to fight bacterial infection?

Accepted Answer

some bacteria were resistant to penicillin and their population spread rapidly, without competition from bacteria that were killed by penicillin

Answer

a few bacteria became resistant to penicillin, and through sexual reproduction , most bacteria acquired the resistance

Answer

penicillin never really successfully wiped out populations of bacteria, scientist did not use proper controls in their studies

Answer

in order to survive exposure to penicillin, bacteria developed a resistance to the drug

Question 28

Natural fires are an important part of grassland ecosystems. Grass fires break down dead material, clear out shrubs, and cause some seeds to sprout. Which claim tells why it would be a useful adaptation for a seed to need fire to sprout?

Accepted Answer

It would ensure that the area is clear of other types of plants when it sprouted.

Answer

It would prevent the sprouting plant from ever getting burned by fire.

Answer

It would prevent the plant from sprouting during the dry season.

Answer

It would ensure that the plant sprouted only during the snowy season.

Question 29

Tony wanted to see if he could make the roots of a plant grow up instead of down. After several tries, he found that the roots always grew down. Nothing he or his teacher did made the roots grow up. What keeps the roots from growing up?

Accepted Answer

Gravity pulls on the roots.

Answer

The roots need water.

Answer

There is plant food in the soil.

Answer

Sunlight hits the plants.

Question 30

Which is not evidence for evolution?

Accepted Answer

We can observe physical traits as evidence of evolution

Answer

Many animals have vestigial structures from an ancestor

Answer

many animals have homologous structures due to common ancestry

Answer

We can observe changes in life forms by observing the fossil record

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