___________ refers to the reasons why a program works the way it does. It is the logic or the reasons behind program instructions.

________________________ provides the tools needed to design the right solution by helping you define and identify the problem, its requirements and the needed solution to solve it.

Algorithm, Pseudocode, Flowchat are the 3 tools in PCF

________ is a type of diagram that represents a workflow or process.

A flowchart can also be defined as a diagrammatic representation of an algorithm, a step-by-step approach to solving a task.

use ________ to show the flow of process

use _________ for a decision point. This usually contains a question

use _________ to indicate the continuation of the process to another flowchart

use _________ for start or end points

use _________ to represent a process

use _________ for input and output of a process

use _________ for preparation or indicate a change in the process

ALGORITHM is a type of a programming language

An algorithm is a step-by-step instruction for solving a problem that is precise yet general.

PSEUDOCODE is Set of instructions that mimic programming language instructions but IS a programming language.

Pseudocode  is a simplified version of programming codes, written in plain English language and used to outline a program after its implementation.

Flow chart is a Visual program design tool

words that cannot be used as identifiers or variable names because they have special function in a C/C++ program

values that do not change at a given scope

names that are used to reference variables, functions, labels, and user-defined objects.

Contants are classified with Numeric and Non Numeric constants

quantities that are enclosed in a pair of double quotes

symbols that tell the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical manipulations

symbols that have special function in a C++ program

IS THE OPERATION THAT GIVES THE REMAINDER OF A DIVISION OF TWO VALUES

Returns true if both statements are true (and, or, not)

Reverse the result, returns false if the result is true (and, or, not)

Returns true if one statement is true (and, or, not)

These operators increase or reduce by one the value is stored in a variable. They are equivalent to +=1 and to -=1, respectively

Conditional Operators example

Less than: a < b

Greater than or equal to: a >= b

Equal to a = b

Less than or equal to: a < b =

Use ELSE to specify a block of code to be executed, if a specified condition is true

Use ELSE IF to specify a new condition to test, if the first condition is false

Use ELSE to specify a block of code to be executed, if the same condition is false

x + y

--x

x % y

x / y

stores values with two states: true or false

stores floating point numbers, with decimals, suchas 19.99 or -19.99

stores single characters, such as 'a' or 'B', values are surrounded by single quotes

stores integers (whole numbers), without decimals, such as 123 or -123

stores text, such as "Hello World", values are surrounded by double quotes