A heavy tea drinker just purchased over-the-counter whitening strips to see if her discolored teeth could be whitened. She wants to know if using whitening strips is better than using the professional custom bleaching tray system at home. You want to provide an evidence-based answer (based on a search of the research literature). All of the following are NOT an example of a well-developed question to help narrow your research literature search EXCEPT FOR?

A heavy tea drinker just purchased over-the-counter whitening strips to see if her discolored teeth could be whitened. She wants to know if using whitening strips is better than using the professional custom bleaching tray system at home. You want to provide an evidence-based answer (based on a search of the research literature). Which type of study will provide the BEST evidence to answer the client’s question?

During the dental and periodontal assessment, you record generalized marginal gingival inflammation, generalized moderate interproximal subgingival calculus deposits, generalized bleeding on probing, with 2-4 mm probing depths. Existing restorations include teeth #14-MO, #4-MOD, #13-MO, #18-MO, and #19-B. Radiographs reveal no evidence of bone loss, proximal carious lesions on 29D, 30M, and 19M and restoration overhangs on #14M and #4D. She brushes once a day and does not use an interproximal cleaning aid. Which of the following conditions represents the MOST accurate periodontal disease classification?

During the dental and periodontal assessment, you record generalized marginal gingival inflammation, generalized moderate interproximal subgingival calculus deposits, generalized bleeding on probing, with 2-4 mm probing depths. Existing restorations include teeth #14-MO, #4-MOD, #13-MO, #18-MO, and #19-B. Radiographs reveal no evidence of bone loss, proximal carious lesions on 29D, 30M, and 19M and restoration overhangs on #14M and #4D. She brushes once a day and does not use an interproximal cleaning aid. All the following are related to the overhanging restorations EXCEPT

During the dental and periodontal assessment, you record generalized marginal gingival inflammation, generalized moderate interproximal subgingival calculus deposits, generalized bleeding on probing, with 2-4 mm probing depths. Existing restorations include teeth #14-MO, #4-MOD, #13-MO, #18-MO, and #19-B. Radiographs reveal no evidence of bone loss, proximal carious lesions on 29D, 30M, and 19M and restoration overhangs on #14M and #4D. She brushes once a day and does not use an interproximal cleaning aid. The restoration on tooth #14 would be BEST classified as a

From the information recorded on the periodontal assessment, can you can gather what is the BEST reevaluation interval for this client?

What is the overall prognosis for this client after phase I therapy?

A 44-year old man presents as a new client for dental hygiene care. His medical history reveals type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure controlled with medication and a hip replacement. He reports no blood glucose monitoring and controls diabetes with diet and exercise. His last physical examination was last year. However, he is not sure of the examination results but believes his A1C at the time was more than 7%, however is not certain. He assumes everything is fine. You record his blood pressure reading at 153/102 mm Hg and blood glucose at 199 mg/dL. Patient states he has not had breakfast yet. Which of the following should be considered before implementing dental hygiene care for this client?

A 44-year old man presents as a new client for dental hygiene care. His medical history reveals type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure controlled with medication and a hip replacement. He reports no blood glucose monitoring and controls diabetes with diet and exercise. His last physical examination was last year. However, he is not sure of the examination results but believes his A1C at the time was more than 7%, however is not certain. He assumes everything is fine. You record his blood pressure reading at 153/102 mm Hg and blood glucose at 199 mg/dL. Patient states he has not had breakfast yet. What is this client’s ASA physical status (PS) classification?

What is the BEST course of action for the dental hygienist related to the BP reading?

He assumes everything is fine. You record his blood pressure reading at 153/102 mm Hg and blood glucose at 199 mg/dL. Patient states he has not had breakfast yet. What stage of hypertension does the patient present with?

After a comprehensive assessment, findings show chronic periodontitis with moderate bone loss, generalized pocket depths of 4 to 6 mm with bleeding, light subgingival biofilm and calculus on the maxillary arch and moderate to heavy subgingival biofilm and tenacious calculus on the mandibular arch. Based on these findings, what would be a realistic approach to NSPT for this client?

What G.V. Black classification of caries is found on the mesial of tooth #8?

As you are working on a patient, she displays a blank, staring look and is nonresponsive for about 30 seconds but quickly returns to normal. What type of seizure is she experiencing?

Epilepsy is a seizure disorder?

All of the following are barriers to care for patients with special needs, except for one. Which is the exception?

Which trimester of pregnancy is considered the safest for routine dental care?

Which of the following is a nonprogressive neuromuscular condition caused by damage to the immature brain and affecting the ability to control posture and movement?

All the following are common oral findings associated with bulimia EXCEPT

Which of the common manifestations of Down syndrome is an indication for antibiotic premedication prior to dental hygiene care?

Latex allergy is more common in patients with______________

Powered scaling devices are contraindicated for use in patients with all the following conditions EXCEPT

A dental hygienist should expect physical mobility limitations in patients with all these disabling conditions EXCEPT

A stroke survivor should postpone elective dental hygiene treatment for

When reviewing a health history, the client has indicated that she urinates more than six times a day, is frequently thirsty, and her mouth is always dry. What condition manifests these characteristics?

Prediabetes is associated with heightened __________ risk; therefore, screening for and treatment of modifiable risk factors for _________ are suggested

With prediabetes, individuals have blood glucose levels that are higher than normal but below diagnostic levels.

The Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) is a _____-hour test. OGTT checks your blood sugar levels before and --?-- hours after you drink a special sweet drink. It tells the doctor how your body processes sugar.

Both the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and the Random (also called Casual) Plasma Glucose Test can diagnose diabetes if a patient blood sugar is greater than or equal to 200 mg/dl after 2 hours.

Scaling with sharp instruments increases all of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

According to GV Blacks Classification System of Caries, the caries on the occlusals of #4 and #12 can be classified as

Chlorhexidine gluconate is an antimicrobial agent that is considered the gold-standard for self applied modes of delivery. It has longest substantivity, making it a good choice for oral irrigation since the periodontal pocket has a quick turnover rate of crevicular fluid.

The internal angle formed by the lateral surface and the face of the universal curet, and the goal angle to maintain during instrument sharpening is between:

Prognosis

Diagnosis

Care Plan

Evaluation

The dental hygienist has just completed the Upper Left quadrant of scaling/periodontal debridement. At the end of the appointment, the most likely indication of meticulous treatment and improved outcome prognosis is:

The dental hygienist will reduce the risk of exposure to self from contaminated instruments while sharpening [answer].

Which of the following is a nonmodifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Most medications for the treatment of hypertension cause xerostomia, increasing the individual’s risk for dental caries and periodontal disease. Immunosuppressants increase the risk for developing opportunistic infections.

Which of the following drugs is most often implicated in fatal anaphylaxis?

Critical instruments penetrate soft tissue or bone and must be heat sterilized between each use or discarded if disposable. Examples of critical instruments and devices include:

Tobacco-related illness (e.g., heart disease, high blood pressure, cancer, and delayed wound healing)

Missing teeth

Misconceptions and lack of knowledge about systemic and oral effects of tobacco use

Inadequate ownership of personal oral hygiene

Tooth staining, halitosis, missing teeth, facial wrinkling

Withdrawal due to nicotine addiction

A 36-year-old female client presents for annual dental hygiene care. Although she is currently being treated by a physician for prehypertension, the client reports being otherwise healthy. Currently the client is taking an oral contraceptive (Ortho-Cyclen) and smokes ½ pack of cigarettes per day. Pretreatment vital signs were not recorded. During treatment, the client begins to complain of a severe headache and dizziness. Treatment is terminated, and a blood pressure reading of 150/94 mm Hg is obtained. While gathering additional vital signs and information, the dental hygienist notes that the client’s speech becomes slurred and she does not give appropriate answers to questions. The client’s deteriorating condition is most likely due to:

A five-year-old boy is playing in the dental office reception area/children’s corner. He places a marble into his mouth. After several minutes, he begins to cough weakly. He cannot speak and quickly appears cyanotic. His mother calls out for help. Emergency treatment should begin with:

A five-year-old boy is playing in the dental office reception area/children’s corner. He places a marble into his mouth. After several minutes, he begins to cough weakly. He cannot speak and quickly appears cyanotic. His mother calls out for help. The object is expelled and the child begins breathing on his own. A normal respiratory rate for a five-year old boy would be about:

A five-year-old boy is playing in the dental office reception area/children’s corner. He places a marble into his mouth. After several minutes, he begins to cough weakly. He cannot speak and quickly appears cyanotic. His mother calls out for help. What is the compression rate for CPR in a child of this age?

Miss June Williams presents with generalized marginal gingivitis, moderate bleeding upon probing, and generalized 4 mm clinical attachment levels. Supragingival calculus deposits are evident in the mandibular anterior lingual sextant, and generalized subgingival interproximal calculus deposits are detected in all four posterior sextants. If you could choose only one instrument for calculus removal throughout the entire mouth, which of the following would you select?

All of the following are correct statements regarding assessment except one. Which one is this exception?

Individuals with stable angina pectoris, exercise-induced asthma, and well-controlled diabetes are in which ASA physical status classification category?

What recare interval is recommended for a client with a systemic medical condition and periodontal risk factor for the first year following the completion of routine nonsurgical periodontal therapy?

With a modified pen grasp, what is the specific function of the middle finger?

Which of the following situations would allow for greater tactile sensitivity when exploring?

What could be the cause of the instrument working-end flying off the tooth during a calculus removal stroke?

The working-end of all the following instruments has two cutting edges except one. Which one is this exception?

Name a clinical benefit of locally applied antibiotics as an adjunct to SRP to treat periodontal disease in clinical studies.

Which of the following delivery mechanisms is used to administer ARESTIN® (minocycline HCl) Microspheres, 1 mg?

Your patient reports she is currently taking the following medications: Baby Aspirin (preventative) Plavix (anti platelet) Altace (HTN) Atenolol (HTN) Actonel (bisphosphonate) Humulin N (insulin IM injection) Novolin (insulin IM) Pramlintide (insulin IM) Mevicor (statin) After reviewing your patient's medications, you determine you will need to speak to the patient's physician before commencing invasive treatment because _________ are medications that are contraindicated for invasive dental treatment.

THE NAME OF THE TEST THAT EVALUATES THE TIME IT TAKES A PATIENT TO BEGIIN FORMING A CLOT CALLED Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)

Her medical history includes: a complete hysterectomy almost 20 years ago shortness of breath upon exertion a mild stroke 4 years ago diabetes type II (well managed) In reviewing the positive findings of our patient's medical history, is there any condition you will need medical clearance for?

A NORMAL OCCLUSION OCCURS WHEN: Molar relationship: The mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar aligns with the buccal groove of the mandibular first molar. Canine Relationship:The maxillary canine occludes with the distal half of the mandibular canine and the mesial half of the mandibular first premolar. Line of Occlusion:The teeth all fit on a line of occlusion smooth curve upper/lower arch Midline is symmetrical between upper/lower central incIsors

All of the following are correct except one. Which is the exception? Crossbite is caused by all EXCEPT:

Prior to requesting a data check, the clinician must utilize the restorative chart to enter all services and patient demographics from the patient route fee in to the patient electronic chart.

All of the following tissue changes result in true periodontal pocket formation except one. Which one is this exception?

Which of the following diagnostic procedures is most accurate for determining severity of periodontal attachment loss?

What is the most accurate description of chronic periodontitis?

Tooth mobility and fremitus are hallmark signs of occlusal trauma because trauma causes widening of the periodontal ligament and apical migration of bone.

A 35-year-old client with early chronic periodontitis who smokes and has challenges with self-care is new to your healthcare facility. All of the following initial or nonsurgical periodontal therapies are appropriate to recommend for this client except ONE. Which one is this exception?

A comprehensive health history should contain?

Peri-implant tissue is composed of following:

What are the benefits of dental implants?

Based on the patient's pregnancy, she requires all of the following treatment considerations except one. What is the EXCEPTION?

A dental hygiene care plan specific for this patient will include all of the following except one. What is the EXCEPTION?

(Pregnant Patient from previous questions) Gingival Description: Generalized marginal and papillary erythema and edema. Generalized bleeding upon probing. Bleeding Index: 70% Plaque Free Score: 30% The BEST explanation for the bleeding index to be elevated is attributed to:

Due to the patient's condition, she needs to avoid or limit the use of dental procedures requiring:

Pregnancy-associated gingivitis is often accompanied by increased levels of what gram-negative organism?

Pregnancy Case study patient still....The BEST dental hygiene care plan for the patient should start with:

Pregnancy Study still...All of the following will directly impact the success of the patient's dental hygiene care plan except one. What is the EXCEPTION?

Case Study : What is the primary factor that influenced your decision for the Staging in the above diagnosis?

Case Study 2: After reviewing brushing and flossing techniques with her, what home care recommendations would you make for the patient to address her bleeding gums?

Case Study 2: One of the patient’s prescription medications is Glucophage® (Metformin HCL). Which of the following conditions is this medication prescribed for?

Case Study 2: The patient has reported intense stomach pain as well as excessive tiredness lately. These symptoms may be a side effect of which of her current medications?

Case Study 2: Medical History: The patient tells you that she had a blood transfusion 42 years ago following a miscarriage. She reports having surgery on each wrist due to carpal tunnel syndrome and subsequently experiences arthritic pain in her hands. She suffers from diverticulitis, GERD and stomach ulcers. Her medications include: (Nizatidine) Axid®, (Acetaminophen) Tylenol®, (Ceterizine) Zyrtec®, (Naprosyn) Naproxen®, (Rosuvastatin calcium) Crestor®, (Metformin hydrochloride) Glucophage® and takes OTC antihistamines as needed. She reports an occasional reaction to Penicillin but has never been told that she is actually allergic to it. She reports her stomach pain to be intense at times and she often feels tired. She has not consulted a physician for a while. She checks her blood glucose daily. Her readings typically are in the 6.5-6.8% range. Vital Signs: Blood Pressure: 125/82; Pulse: 70 bpm; Respirations: 15 Breaths/Min. Based on the new American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Blood Pressure Guidelines (2017), how would you classify this patient’s blood pressure status?

Case Study 2: All are acceptable educational strategies for teaching this patient oral self-care EXCEPT:

Case Study 3: Given the patient’s clinical and radiographic and historical findings, what would be the best diagnosis for her periodontal condition based on the 2018 AAP Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant diseases? ( just memorize the answer because the patient doesn't present with the stage and grade that is "correct" )

Case Study 3: To address the patient’s recent smoking habit, the FIVE A’s designed for a cessation initiative follow what order?

Case Study 3: Medical History: The patient is not under the care of a physician and is reluctant to have a physical examination. Her family history includes diabetes, hypertension, oral cancer, alcoholism and substance abuse. She currently takes no medications. Her blood pressure was recorded at 138/89; her pulse was 80 bpm; and her respirations were 18. She considers herself to be in good health. Following the new American Heart Association/American College of Cardiologists blood pressure guidelines, how would you categorize this patient’s blood pressure?

Case study 3: Following review of her toothbrushing technique, what home care recommendations would you make for this patient in order to help her to control the progression of her periodontal disease?

Case Study 3: The following microorganisms will MOST likely be identified in this patient’s microflora except one. What is the EXCEPTION?

Case study 3: You are developing and planning a treatment plan for your patient. After completing a comprehensive assessment, what would be a realistic approach to nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT)?

Case study 4: Medical History: The patient reported that five years ago she was diagnosed with an ovarian tumor which resulted in a surgery to remove the ovary. She currently takes: (Amlodipine besylate) Azor®, (Olmesartan) Benicar®, (Atorvastatin calcium) Lipitor®, (Glipizide) Glucotrol®, bioidentical hormone replacement therapy and a daily 81 mg aspirin. Her blood pressure was recorded at 135/85. The patient’s medications are used to treat all the following conditions except one. What is the EXCEPTION?

Case study 4: Medical History: The patient reported that five years ago she was diagnosed with an ovarian tumor which resulted in a surgery to remove the ovary. She currently takes: (Amlodipine besylate) Azor®, (Olmesartan) Benicar®, (Atorvastatin calcium) Lipitor®, (Glipizide) Glucotrol®, bioidentical hormone replacement therapy and a daily 81 mg aspirin. Her blood pressure was recorded at 135/85. The ASA physical status classification for the patient is:

Case Study 4: Medical History: The patient reported that five years ago she was diagnosed with an ovarian tumor which resulted in a surgery to remove the ovary. She currently takes: (Amlodipine besylate) Azor®, (Olmesartan) Benicar®, (Atorvastatin calcium) Lipitor®, (Glipizide) Glucotrol®, bioidentical hormone replacement therapy and a daily 81 mg aspirin. Her blood pressure was recorded at 135/85. Which category BEST represents the patient’s blood pressure recording?

Case study 4: The implementation phase of dental hygiene care specific to this patient includes all of the following except one. What is the EXCEPTION?

Case Study 5: Which of his medical conditions can affect gait, speech and difficulty swallowing?

Case Study 5: Intraoral Examination: Tenderness was reported in the maxillary left quadrant. Redness and inflammatory infiltrate was present in the region of tooth #12. Although the attached gingiva in the maxillary anterior region appears pink and stippled, the marginal gingiva exhibits redness and swelling throughout the mouth. Bleeding Index: 65% Plaque Score: 35% All of the follow are the best care options EXCEPT?( She didn't put a question on the practice test....so the answer I happened to guess right on the first try)