Question 1

Environmental science is an interdisciplinary area of study that deals with all of the following except

Accepted Answer

All of these are correct.

Answer

economics.

Answer

politics.

Answer

ethics.

Question 2

Environment is defined as:

Accepted Answer

the surrounding conditions that affect organisms.

Answer

More than one of the choices are correct.

Answer

everything that affects an organism during its lifetime.

Answer

all organisms including people affecting many components.

Question 3

An ecosystem is

Accepted Answer

a group of interactive species and their environment.

Answer

a body of freshwater.

Answer

the lowland area on either side of a river.

Answer

the transition zone between grassland and desert.

Question 4

Which is the following is a correct example of interrelatedness?

Accepted Answer

Wolves reintroduced --> elk decline --> willows increase --> beavers increase

Answer

Wolves reintroduced --> elk decline --> willows increase --> beavers increase --> water flow stays the same

Answer

Wolves reintroduced --> coyotes decline --> rodents decline --> willows increase

Answer

Wolves reintroduced --> coyotes decline --> rodents increase --> foxes decrease

Question 5

The Earth Summit was

Accepted Answer

All of these are correct.

Answer

formerly known as the UNCED.

Answer

held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992.

Answer

the first worldwide meeting dealing with environmental concerns.

Question 6

The Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations include

Accepted Answer

All of the above are Sustainable Development Goals

Answer

improving health

Answer

ending poverty

Answer

addressing climate change

Question 7

Energy use

Accepted Answer

includes much use of biomass in developing countries.

Answer

has been declining in much of the world.

Answer

is primarily from alternative energy sources.

Answer

increased significantly in the richer countries.

Question 8

Biodiversity is fundamental to human welfare and economic development and plays a critical role in meeting human needs by maintaining the ecological processes upon which our survival depends.

Accepted Answer

TRUE

Answer

FALSE

Question 9

Environmental ethics includes which of the following statements? (Check all that apply)

Accepted Answer

The Earth and its creatures have moral status

Answer

Humans should not consider other forms of life and the environment

Question 10

Sustainable development occurs when social, environmental, and economic concerns are met.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 11

The scientific method is

Accepted Answer

All of these are correct.

Answer

reliable

Answer

limited in when it can be used.

Answer

impartial.

Question 12

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed.

Accepted Answer

TRUE

Answer

FALSE

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor?

Accepted Answer

the climate of the community in which the species mentioned above inhabit

Answer

the interactions between different species in a community

Answer

the number of individuals of a particular species living in a community

Answer

the diversity of prey and predator species in a community

Question 14

Natural selection is the process that determines

Accepted Answer

which individuals within a species will reproduce and pass their genes to the next generation.

Answer

which scientist publishes their experiments.

Answer

who an individual mates with.

Answer

how active an animal is at night.

Question 15

When a population becomes isolated from another population of the same species over a long period of time

Accepted Answer

speciation is likely to occur.

Answer

gene exchange is likely to occur.

Answer

extinction is likely to occur.

Answer

competition is increased.

Question 16

Extinction of organisms is

Accepted Answer

common event today.

Answer

not occurring today.

Answer

very unusual.

Answer

was more common in the past.

Question 17

The relationship between frogs and insects is an example of

Accepted Answer

a predator-prey relationship.

Answer

competitive exclusion.

Answer

intraspecific competition.

Answer

coevolution.

Question 18

The carbon cycle is an example of how materials are cycled through ecosystems.

Accepted Answer

TRUE

Answer

FALSE

Question 19

A food chain is a series of organisms occupying different trophic levels through which energy passes.

Accepted Answer

TRUE

Answer

FALSE

Question 20

Human impact on temperate forests include

Accepted Answer

All of these are correct.

Answer

logging.

Answer

farming.

Answer

population centers.

Question 21

Which is an example of a stage in secondary succession?

Accepted Answer

a forest regenerating after a forest fire

Answer

a new lake produced by damming a river

Answer

pure sand

Answer

bare rock produced from a volcano

Question 22

Primary succession is

Accepted Answer

a progression that begins with a total lack of organisms.

Answer

of very short duration.

Answer

a progression that begins with destruction of an existing ecosystem.

Answer

All of these are correct.

Question 23

All of the following must be in the euphotic zone EXCEPT.

Accepted Answer

corals

Answer

crabs

Answer

seaweed

Answer

phytoplankton

Question 24

Which of the following best matches the description?
 
Biome that receives less than 25 cm of precipitation per year.

Accepted Answer

desert

Answer

phytoplankton

Answer

littoral zone

Answer

grassland

Question 25

Tiny photosynthetic organisms that float near the ocean surface are called zooplankton.

Accepted Answer

FALSE

Answer

TRUE

Question 26

Biomes can be distinguished based on values from the two most important environmental factors. Which of the following abiotic conditions are the biggest determinants of biome location (select all that apply)?

Accepted Answer

Precipitation and Temperature

Answer

Salinity

Answer

pH

Answer

Light levels

Question 27

On a population growth curve, the _____________________ phase results in a rapid increase in the size of the population.

Accepted Answer

exponential growth

Answer

deceleration

Answer

lag

Answer

stable equilibrium

Question 28

Terms used to describe factors (or sets of factors) that limit population size include

Accepted Answer

All of these are correct.

Answer

environmental resistance.

Answer

density-dependent and independent limiting factors.

Answer

extrinsic and intrinsic limiting factors.

Question 29

Ecologists refer to the maximum sustainable population for an area as

Accepted Answer

carrying capacity.

Answer

None of these are correct.

Answer

exponential growth.

Answer

lag phase.

Question 30

The human population is gradually decreasing and will soon stabilize.

Accepted Answer

FALSE

Answer

TRUE

Question 31

Which of the following characteristics typically leads to INCREASES in total fertility rates; mark all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Infant mortality rates are high,Country lacks social security and Rural communities

Answer

Increased age to get married

Answer

Access to contraception

Answer

Increased opportunities for education and work for women

Question 32

From an historical perspective, which one of the following causes the greatest alteration in people's lifestyle?

Accepted Answer

automobile

Answer

television

Answer

electric appliances

Answer

prefabricated housing

Question 33

The first transfer of energy on Earth occurs

Accepted Answer

during photosynthesis.

Answer

within the molten core.

Answer

during respiration.

Answer

None of these are correct.

Question 34

OPEC

Accepted Answer

controls about 40 percent of the world’s oil production.

Answer

All of the statements are correct.

Answer

consists of Arabic countries.

Answer

countries are all in the Middle East.

Question 35

Which fossil fuel is the most abundant?

Accepted Answer

coal

Answer

natural gas

Answer

All of the choices are equally abundant.

Answer

oil

Question 36

Which of the following fossil fuels causes the least environmental problems?

Accepted Answer

Natural gas

Answer

Coal

Answer

Oil

Answer

Tar sands

Question 37

Since fossil fuels are ____________, as they become ______ the price _____.

Accepted Answer

nonrenewable, scarce, rises

Answer

nonrenewable, available, fluctuates

Answer

renewable, scarce, rises

Answer

renewable, abundant, rises

Question 38

Environmental problems associated with wind power are:

Accepted Answer

hazardous to birds, and some people consider them to be a form of visual pollution.

Answer

transportation of electricity over long distances is required.

Answer

only produce electricity when the wind blows.

Answer

vibrations causing earthquakes.

Question 39

According to the definition of biofuels, which of the following would not be considered a biofuel?

Accepted Answer

Horse-drawn carriages

Answer

Palm oil

Answer

Soy beans

Answer

Sugarcane

Question 40

A species becomes extinct when

Accepted Answer

all individuals of a species are eliminated.

Answer

habitat change causes organisms to leave an area.

Answer

All of the statements are correct.

Answer

individuals of two different species try to mate

Question 41

Humans have changed ecosystems more rapidly and extensively in the last 50 years than in any other period.

Accepted Answer

TRUE

Answer

FALSE

Question 42

Protection of biodiversity typically involves:

Accepted Answer

Legal protection by national laws and international agreements and management of the use of species and ecosystems at sustainable levels.

Answer

Legal protection by national laws and international agreements

Answer

Management of the use of species and ecosystems at sustainable levels

Answer

The encouragement of invasive species

Question 43

The small amount of carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere

Accepted Answer

raises the average temperature of Earth about 30oC (60oF) higher than if the carbon dioxide was absent.

Answer

causes ice to melt.

Answer

None of these statements are correct.

Answer

causes some of the sun’s energy to be radiated to outer space.

Question 44

In addition to carbon dioxide which of the following is a greenhouse gas?

Accepted Answer

Methane

Answer

Carbon monoxide

Answer

Nitrogen

Answer

Oxygen

Question 45

According to the IPCC, all of the following are likely to happen as a result of a warming planet EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

increased agricultural productivity.

Answer

increased number of severe weather events.

Answer

increased risk of flooding.

Answer

increased risk of illness and death due to heat.

Question 46

A policy to combat climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions causes some groups of people to reject such a policy. Why might this be true?

Accepted Answer

The use of fossil fuels must decrease.

Answer

Climate change is hard to understand.

Answer

The science behind climate change is weak.

Answer

None of these statements are correct.

Question 47

Climate change can be natural.

Accepted Answer

TRUE

Answer

FALSE

Question 48

The role of the legislative branch of the U.S. government is to

Accepted Answer

enact laws.

Answer

None of these are correct.

Answer

enforce laws.

Answer

interpret laws.

Question 49

Sustainable Development Goals are designed to build upon:

Accepted Answer

The eight Millennium Development Goals

Answer

The National Environmental Policy Act

Answer

The ten Century Goals

Answer

The Clean Water Act

Question 50

Green consumerism is:

Accepted Answer

Consumption of scarce resources for the benefit of the environment and future generations

Answer

Development of sources of protein

Answer

Purchasing more products from developed countries

Answer

Developing new agricultural products

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